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Metformin up-titration
Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, lowering blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
At a glance
| Generic name | Metformin up-titration |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Research Clinical Centre of the Russian Railways, JSC |
| Drug class | Biguanide |
| Target | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Diabetes |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Metformin is a biguanide that primarily works by decreasing gluconeogenesis in the liver and improving peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. It also enhances insulin sensitivity and may have modest effects on gastrointestinal glucose absorption. The drug does not stimulate insulin secretion, making it weight-neutral and useful across a broad range of glycemic control.
Approved indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Prediabetes (prevention of progression to type 2 diabetes)
Common side effects
- Gastrointestinal disturbance (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort)
- Metallic taste
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Lactic acidosis (rare, in renal impairment)
Key clinical trials
- A Pragmatic Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Comparative Effectiveness Between Dapagliflozin and Standard of Care in Type 2 Diabetes Patients (PHASE4)
- Investigation of Metformin in Pre-Diabetes on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular OuTcomes (PHASE4)
- Ertugliflozin Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Pediatric Study (MK-8835/PF-04971729) (MK-8835-059) (PHASE3)
- Efficacy of Metformin as an Adjunct to Standard Antidepressant Therapy in Treating Depression Among Obese Patients (PHASE4)
- Metformin Treatment in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (EARLY_PHASE1)
- Metformin in Alzheimer's Dementia Prevention (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- Repurposing Metformin As a Leukemia-preventive Drug in CCUS and LR-MDS (PHASE2)
- The Pre-Diabetes Interventions and Continued Tracking to Ease-out Diabetes (Pre-DICTED) Program (NA)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Metformin up-titration CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Metformin up-titration updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- Research Clinical Centre of the Russian Railways, JSC portfolio CI