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Metformin + Insulin
Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, while insulin directly lowers blood glucose by promoting cellular glucose uptake and utilization.
Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity, while insulin directly lowers blood glucose by promoting cellular glucose uptake and utilization. Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Type 1 diabetes mellitus (when combined with insulin).
At a glance
| Generic name | Metformin + Insulin |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | University of Virginia |
| Drug class | Antidiabetic combination therapy |
| Target | AMPK (metformin); Insulin receptor (insulin) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Diabetes |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Metformin is a biguanide that decreases gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver and improves peripheral insulin sensitivity, primarily through AMPK activation. Insulin is a peptide hormone that binds to insulin receptors on cells to facilitate glucose uptake and metabolism. The combination provides complementary glucose-lowering effects through different mechanisms.
Approved indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Common side effects
- Hypoglycemia
- Gastrointestinal disturbance (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort)
- Weight gain
- Lactic acidosis (metformin-related, rare)
- Injection site reactions (insulin-related)
Key clinical trials
- Surgical or Medical Treatment (PHASE4)
- Effect of Short-Term Beta-Cell Rest in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Effects of Cofrogliptin on Beta-Cell Function in LADA Patients (NA)
- The Role of CYP8B1 Polymorphisms in Modulating the Biochemical Pathways Affected by SGLT2 Inhibitors in T2DM and Obesity (PHASE4)
- Effect of Pioglitazone vs Metformin on Clinical, Biochemical and Hormonal Parameters of Insulin Resistant PCOS (NA)
- Clinical Study to Evaluate the Possible Efficacy of Metformin in Patients With Parkinson's Disease (PHASE2)
- A Research Study to Compare a New Medicine Oral Semaglutide to a Dummy Medicine in Children and Teenagers With Type 2 Diabetes (PHASE3)
- Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health (PHASE2, PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Metformin + Insulin CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Metformin + Insulin updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- University of Virginia portfolio CI