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Aridol Kit (Mannitol)
Osmotic diuretic that elevates glomerular filtrate osmolarity to inhibit tubular water reabsorption.
Mannitol (OSMITROL) is an osmotic diuretic indicated for reducing intracranial pressure, cerebral edema, and elevated intraocular pressure through osmotic mechanisms. It is contraindicated in anuria, severe hypovolemia, pulmonary edema, and active intracranial bleeding, with significant risks of renal failure when combined with nephrotoxic agents or other diuretics. Careful monitoring of renal function and electrolytes is essential, particularly in patients with renal impairment where elimination half-life extends to 36 hours. Clinical use requires vigilant assessment of fluid status and avoidance of concomitant nephrotoxic medications.
At a glance
| Generic name | Mannitol |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Baxter |
| Drug class | Osmotic diuretic |
| Target | Glomerular filtrate osmolarity; tubular reabsorption of water |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
| First approval | 1964 |
Mechanism of action
Mannitol is a small molecular weight solute confined largely to the extracellular space. When administered intravenously, it elevates the osmolarity of the glomerular filtrate, which hinders tubular reabsorption of water and enhances excretion of sodium and chloride. The increase in extracellular osmolarity induced by mannitol causes movement of intracellular water to extracellular and vascular spaces, thereby reducing intracranial pressure, cerebral edema, and intraocular pressure.
Approved indications
- Benign intracranial hypertension
- Cerebral edema
- Cystic fibrosis
- Edema
- Hemolysis Prevention
- Ocular hypertension
Common side effects
- Nasopharyngitis
- Lymphocyte count decreased
- Glomerular filtration rate decreased
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- COVID-19
- Haemoglobin decreased
- Hyperglycaemia
- Blood glucose increased
- Anaemia
- Influenza
- Pharyngitis
- Acute kidney injury
Drug interactions
- Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., cyclosporine, aminoglycosides)
- Other diuretics
- Neurotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides)
- Drugs sensitive to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., digoxin, QT-prolonging drugs, neuromuscular blocking agents)
- Renally eliminated agents and lithium
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| FDA label | Mechanism, indications, dosing, boxed warnings, drug interactions |
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