Last reviewed 2026-04-22 · How we verify

Low dose budesonide rectal foam

Budesonide is a corticosteroid that suppresses local inflammation in the colon and rectum by binding to glucocorticoid receptors and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production.

Budesonide is a corticosteroid that suppresses local inflammation in the colon and rectum by binding to glucocorticoid receptors and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Used for Ulcerative colitis (distal/left-sided disease), Mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis.

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Budesonide is a synthetic glucocorticoid that exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects on the colonic mucosa. When applied as a rectal foam at low dose, it reduces inflammation by suppressing T-cell activation, decreasing production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α), and stabilizing mast cells. The rectal formulation delivers the drug locally to affected tissue while minimizing systemic absorption and adverse effects.

Approved indications

• Ulcerative colitis (distal/left-sided disease)
• Mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis

Common side effects

• Headache
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Rectal irritation
• Diarrhea

Key clinical trials

• Dose Ranging Study to Evaluate the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Budesonide Rectal Foam in Pediatric Patients Aged 5 to 17 Years With Active, Mild to Moderate Distal Ulcerative Colitis (PHASE4)

Primary sources

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