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Lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1
Lopinavir and ritonavir are HIV protease inhibitors that block the viral protease enzyme, preventing the maturation of HIV particles and reducing viral replication.
Lopinavir and ritonavir are HIV protease inhibitors that block the viral protease enzyme, preventing the maturation of HIV particles and reducing viral replication. Used for HIV-1 infection in treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients, HIV-2 infection.
At a glance
| Generic name | Lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1 |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Lopinavir/ritonavir |
| Sponsor | Drugs for Neglected Diseases |
| Drug class | HIV protease inhibitor |
| Target | HIV protease |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Lopinavir inhibits HIV protease, an enzyme essential for cleaving viral polyproteins into functional components needed for infectious particle assembly. Ritonavir is a potent protease inhibitor that also acts as a pharmacokinetic booster, inhibiting cytochrome P450 metabolism to increase lopinavir plasma concentrations. Together in a 4:1 ratio, they provide synergistic antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2.
Approved indications
- HIV-1 infection in treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients
- HIV-2 infection
Common side effects
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Abdominal pain
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Hyperglycemia
- Lipid abnormalities
- Hepatotoxicity
Key clinical trials
- Study of Cobicistat-Boosted Atazanavir (ATV/co), Cobicistat-Boosted Darunavir (DRV/co) and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (F/TAF) in Children With HIV (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- Lopinavir/Ritonavir in PLWH With High-Grade AIN (PHASE1)
- Pharmacokinetic Study of Antiretroviral Drugs and Related Drugs During and After Pregnancy
- A Phase 1/2a Study of DB-1311/BNT324 in Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- Pharmacokinetic Properties of Antiretroviral and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Bone and Body Comp: A Sub Study of the SECOND-LINE Study (PHASE4)
- Kuwa Free! - Live Free! (NA)
- Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Safety Profile of Understudied Drugs Administered to Children Per Standard of Care (POPS)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1 CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Lopinavir/ritonavir 4:1 updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases portfolio CI