Last reviewed · How we verify
loop diuretic
Loop diuretics inhibit the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption of sodium and chloride and increasing urine output.
Loop diuretics inhibit the sodium-potassium-chloride co-transporter in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption of sodium and chloride and increasing urine output. Used for Edema associated with congestive heart failure, Edema associated with hepatic cirrhosis, Edema associated with renal disease.
At a glance
| Generic name | loop diuretic |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | The Christ Hospital |
| Drug class | Loop diuretic |
| Target | Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Cardiovascular |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
By blocking the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter (NKCC2) on the apical membrane of thick ascending limb cells, loop diuretics prevent the reabsorption of up to 25% of filtered sodium and chloride. This results in increased osmotic pressure in the tubular lumen, reducing water reabsorption in the collecting duct and producing potent diuresis. Loop diuretics are the most efficacious diuretic class and are particularly effective in patients with reduced glomerular filtration rate or significant fluid overload.
Approved indications
- Edema associated with congestive heart failure
- Edema associated with hepatic cirrhosis
- Edema associated with renal disease
- Hypertension
- Pulmonary edema
Common side effects
- Hypokalemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Ototoxicity (high doses)
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypotension
- Dehydration
- Hyponatremia
Key clinical trials
- Spot Analysis of Natriuresis to Guide up- or Down-titration of Diuretic Therapy in Ambulatory Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (NA)
- Venous Congestion And Cognitive Dysfunction After Cardiac Surgery
- POcus INTERvention for Tailoring Diuretic Strategy in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- Evaluation of the Effects of Sauna Therapy on Congestion and Loop Diuretic Use in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced or Moderately Reduced Ejection Fraction (NA)
- Baroreflex Activation Therapy for Heart Failure (NA)
- Comparing Natriuretic Effects of ER Torsemide to IR Torsemide in Patients With Heart Failure (PHASE4)
- A Study Comparing the Clinical Benefit of Finerenone Versus a Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) of Extended-Release Torsemide and Spironolactone in Patients With Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease (PHASE3)
- A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Food or no Food on the Bioavailability of an Extended Release (ER) Torsemide and Spironolactone Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Tablet in Healthy Adult Subjects (PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- loop diuretic CI brief — competitive landscape report
- loop diuretic updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- The Christ Hospital portfolio CI