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Ketofol(ketamine+propofol)
Ketofol is a fixed-dose combination of ketamine (NMDA receptor antagonist) and propofol (GABA-A agonist) that produces rapid sedation and anesthesia with preserved airway reflexes and hemodynamic stability.
Ketofol is a fixed-dose combination of ketamine (NMDA receptor antagonist) and propofol (GABA-A agonist) that produces rapid sedation and anesthesia with preserved airway reflexes and hemodynamic stability. Used for Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, Procedural sedation.
At a glance
| Generic name | Ketofol(ketamine+propofol) |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh |
| Drug class | Fixed-dose combination anesthetic |
| Target | NMDA receptor (ketamine); GABA-A receptor (propofol) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Anesthesia |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Ketamine blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors to provide dissociative anesthesia and analgesia while maintaining spontaneous breathing and airway tone. Propofol enhances GABAergic inhibition in the central nervous system for rapid hypnosis. The combination leverages ketamine's hemodynamic stability and analgesic properties with propofol's rapid onset and smooth induction, while potentially reducing the dose-related adverse effects of either agent alone.
Approved indications
- Induction and maintenance of general anesthesia
- Procedural sedation
Common side effects
- Hypotension
- Respiratory depression
- Emergence reactions (dissociation)
- Injection site pain
- Apnea
Key clinical trials
- Ketodex Versus Ketofol in Adolescent Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
- Comparison of the Hemodynamic Effects of Ketamine - Dexmedetomidine (Ketodex) Versus Propofol-ketamine Admixture (Ketofol) During Induction of Anesthesia in Elderly: A Randomized Comparative Study (NA)
- Effects of Different Sedation Techniques on Early Cognitive Recovery After Ambulatory Gynecologic Surgery (NA)
- Comparison of Propofol and Ketofol as Induction Agents for Electroconvulsive Therapy (NA)
- Best Hypnotic Drug Choice for Rapid Sequence Induction in the Operating Room (PHASE3)
- Comparison of Esketamine/Propofol and Methohexital Anesthesia for ECT (PHASE4)
- Oropharyngeoesophageal Topical Anesthesia Versus Propofol - Ketamine Sedation for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (NA)
- Ketofol Versus Dexmedetomidine for Prevention of Emergence Delirium in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Squint Surgeries (PHASE1, PHASE2)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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