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Isotonic fluid
Isotonic fluid restores intravascular volume and maintains osmotic balance to correct dehydration and electrolyte disturbances.
Isotonic fluid restores intravascular volume and maintains osmotic balance to correct dehydration and electrolyte disturbances. Used for Fluid resuscitation in dehydration, Perioperative fluid management, Hypovolemic shock.
At a glance
| Generic name | Isotonic fluid |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Normal saline, Lactated ringers solution, Dextrose normal saline |
| Sponsor | Johns Hopkins University |
| Drug class | Crystalloid fluid / Intravenous fluid replacement |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Critical Care / Emergency Medicine / Perioperative Medicine |
| Phase | Phase 3 |
Mechanism of action
Isotonic fluids (such as normal saline or balanced crystalloids) have an osmolarity matching plasma, allowing them to distribute between intravascular and interstitial compartments without causing cellular water shifts. They are used to restore circulating volume, maintain hemodynamic stability, and correct fluid deficits in dehydrated or critically ill patients. The specific formulation determines electrolyte composition and clinical suitability for different patient populations.
Approved indications
- Fluid resuscitation in dehydration
- Perioperative fluid management
- Hypovolemic shock
- Maintenance fluid therapy in hospitalized patients
Common side effects
- Hyperchloremic acidosis
- Fluid overload / pulmonary edema
- Hyponatremia (with excessive hypotonic fluid)
- Phlebitis at infusion site
Key clinical trials
- Safety Evaluation of PfSPZ Vaccine in Pregnant Women in Mali (MalVIP1) (PHASE1)
- Effect of Liberal and Restrictive IV Fluids on Recovery After Gallbladder Surgery (PHASE1)
- Volume Kinetics of Fluid Resuscitation in Early Sepsis
- Initial Resuscitation for Acute Kidney Injury in Cirrhosis (NA)
- Hydroxyethyl Starch Versus Crystalloid and Postoperative Major Adverse Kidney Complications (PHASE4)
- Pragmatic Pediatric Trial of Balanced Versus Normal Saline Fluid in Sepsis (PHASE3)
- Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SUBMO® as a Submucosal Injection Agent in Endoscopic Resection of Superficial Gastrointestinal Lesions. (NA)
- Role of Prophylactic Aggressive Hydration to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis (NA)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |