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Isoniazid for 9 months
Isoniazid inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking mycolic acid production, which is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival.
Isoniazid inhibits mycobacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking mycolic acid production, which is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival. Used for Tuberculosis (TB) - as part of standard 9-month combination therapy, Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prophylaxis.
At a glance
| Generic name | Isoniazid for 9 months |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Isoniazid |
| Sponsor | National Taiwan University Hospital |
| Drug class | Antituberculous agent |
| Target | Enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA), Catalase-peroxidase (KatG) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease |
| Phase | Phase 3 |
Mechanism of action
Isoniazid is a prodrug that requires activation by the mycobacterial enzyme catalase-peroxidase (KatG) to form an isonicotinoyl radical. This activated form binds to mycobacterial enoyl-ACP reductase (InhA), inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids that are critical structural components of the mycobacterial cell wall. This leads to cell wall disruption and bactericidal activity against actively dividing M. tuberculosis.
Approved indications
- Tuberculosis (TB) - as part of standard 9-month combination therapy
- Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) prophylaxis
Common side effects
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Hepatotoxicity
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Drug-induced lupus
- Nausea and vomiting
- Arthralgia
Key clinical trials
- Asymptomatic TB With Innovative Modified Short-course Regimens (PHASE4)
- Trial of a Six-Month Regimen of High-Dose Rifampicin, High-Dose Isoniazid, Linezolid, and Pyrazinamide Versus a Standard Nine-Month Regimen for the Treatment of Adults and Adolescents With Tuberculous Meningitis (PHASE2)
- A PAN-USR TB Multi-Center Trial (PHASE3)
- Short-Course Regimen With Bedaquiline, Moxifloxacin and Pyrazinamide for Early Bactericidal Activity in Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis (PHASE2)
- Ultra-Short Regimen for Elderly DS-TB (PHASE3)
- Latent Tuberculosis in Type 2 Diabetes (PHASE4)
- Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Two to Four Months of Treatment With the Combination Regimens of DBOS and PBOS in Adults With Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PHASE2)
- The Effectivity of Anti Tuberculosis Therapy in Idiopathic Uveitis with Positive IGRA (PHASE2)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |