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Insulin (Humulin)
Insulin binds to insulin receptors on cells to promote glucose uptake and utilization, lowering blood glucose levels.
Insulin binds to insulin receptors on cells to promote glucose uptake and utilization, lowering blood glucose levels. Used for Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (when oral agents are insufficient).
At a glance
| Generic name | Insulin (Humulin) |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Humulin |
| Sponsor | University of Massachusetts, Worcester |
| Drug class | Insulin |
| Target | Insulin receptor (INSR) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Diabetes |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Insulin is a peptide hormone that activates insulin receptors on target tissues, facilitating cellular glucose uptake and promoting anabolic metabolism (glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, protein synthesis). It simultaneously suppresses catabolic processes (gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, proteolysis), resulting in net reduction of blood glucose concentration.
Approved indications
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (when oral agents are insufficient)
Common side effects
- Hypoglycemia
- Weight gain
- Injection site reactions
- Lipodystrophy
Key clinical trials
- Text Message for Adolescents With Poorly Controlled Type 1 Diabetes (NA)
- Epigenetic Regulation of Human Adipose Tissue Distribution (NA)
- Sleep Loss and Circadian Misalignment - Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance (PHASE4)
- Trial of the Combination of Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Mirabegron in Women and in Men With Obesity (PHASE2)
- Risk Assessment of Pancreatic Islet Autoimmunity in Patients With AITD
- Assessments of Adipogenesis, Lipid Turnover and Cellular Composition in Adipose Tissue in Response to Endurance Exercise (NA)
- Critical Food Ingredients on Immunocompetence to Prevent the Risk and Development of Obesity/Metabolic Syndrome (NA)
- Effect of Tirzepatide and Bimagrumab on Body Composition, Insulin Sensitivity, and Bone in Adults With Obesity (PHASE2)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Insulin (Humulin) CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Insulin (Humulin) updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- University of Massachusetts, Worcester portfolio CI