Last reviewed · How we verify
i.v. mannitol
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that draws fluid from tissues into the intravascular space and increases urine output to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure.
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that draws fluid from tissues into the intravascular space and increases urine output to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure. Used for Cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure, Acute glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure, Oliguria and acute kidney injury (renal protective agent).
At a glance
| Generic name | i.v. mannitol |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | University Hospital, Saarland |
| Drug class | Osmotic diuretic |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Neurology, Ophthalmology |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Mannitol is a sugar alcohol that creates an osmotic gradient, pulling water from the extravascular and intracellular compartments into the blood vessels and then into the urine. This reduces cerebral edema and intracranial pressure by decreasing brain water content, and similarly reduces intraocular pressure. It is administered intravenously and acts rapidly to promote diuresis while maintaining or expanding plasma volume.
Approved indications
- Cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure
- Acute glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure
- Oliguria and acute kidney injury (renal protective agent)
Common side effects
- Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance
- Hypernatremia
- Rebound intracranial pressure elevation
- Headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Thrombophlebitis at injection site
Key clinical trials
- A Placebo-Controlled Phase 3 Trial of Repeated Lamazym Treatment of Subjects With Alpha-Mannosidosis (PHASE3)
- Study of Systemic and Spinal Chemotherapy Followed by Radiation for Infants With Brain Tumors (NA)
- Carboplatin and Etoposide Plus LBH589 for Small Cell Lung Cancer (PHASE1)
- BBBD Followed By Methotrexate and Carboplatin With or Without Trastuzumab in Treating Women With Breast Cancer That Has Spread to the Brain (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- Acetylcysteine, Mannitol, Combination Chemotherapy, and Sodium Thiosulfate in Treating Children With Malignant Brain Tumors (PHASE1)
- Phase I BP Interferon (IFN) Beta-004 (PHASE1)
- Mannitol Improves Cerebral Oxygen Saturation (PHASE4)
- Efficacy Study of Zoledronic Acid and Teriparatide Combination Therapy in Women With Osteoporosis (PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |