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Hypertonic saline 3% bolus administration
Hypertonic saline 3% creates an osmotic gradient that draws fluid from intracellular and interstitial spaces into the intravascular compartment, reducing intracranial pressure and cellular edema.
Hypertonic saline 3% creates an osmotic gradient that draws fluid from intracellular and interstitial spaces into the intravascular compartment, reducing intracranial pressure and cellular edema. Used for Cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure, Traumatic brain injury, Acute stroke with cerebral edema.
At a glance
| Generic name | Hypertonic saline 3% bolus administration |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Université de Sherbrooke |
| Drug class | Osmotic agent |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Neurology |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
When administered as a bolus, the high sodium concentration (3%) establishes an osmotic gradient across cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier. Water moves from areas of lower solute concentration (brain tissue, cells) into the higher concentration in the bloodstream, thereby reducing brain edema and intracranial pressure. This mechanism is particularly useful in acute neurological emergencies where rapid reduction of cerebral edema is critical.
Approved indications
- Cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure
- Traumatic brain injury
- Acute stroke with cerebral edema
- Intracranial hypertension
Common side effects
- Hypernatremia
- Hyperchloremia
- Phlebitis at infusion site
- Rebound intracranial hypertension
- Acute kidney injury
Key clinical trials
- Diuretic Treatment in Acute Heart Failure With Volume Overload Guided by Serial Spot Urine Sodium Assessment (PHASE4)
- Early Induced Hypernatremia for the Prevention and Management of Brain Edema (NA)
- Efficacy and Safety of Rapid Intermittent Compared With Slow Continuous Correction in Severe Hyponatremia Patients (PHASE4)
- Hypernatremia for the Prevention and Treatment of Cerebral Edema in Traumatic Brain Injury (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- Role of Hypertonic Saline Versus Mannitol in the Management of Raised Intracranial Pressure in Patients With ALF (NA)
- Safety and Feasibility of Hypertonic Saline Solution After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: (PHASE1, PHASE2)
- Comparison of 20% Mannitol and 3% Hypertonic Saline for Cerebral Relaxation During Elective Supratentorial Craniotomies (PHASE4)
- Hypertonic Resuscitation Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
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