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Emtricitabine and Tenofovir
Emtricitabine and tenofovir are nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors that block HIV replication by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for converting viral RNA into DNA.
Emtricitabine and tenofovir are nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors that block HIV replication by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for converting viral RNA into DNA. Used for HIV-1 infection (treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis), Chronic hepatitis B (tenofovir component).
At a glance
| Generic name | Emtricitabine and Tenofovir |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Truvada |
| Sponsor | Puerto Rico Community Network for Clinical Research on AIDS |
| Drug class | Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI/NtRTI) combination |
| Target | HIV-1 reverse transcriptase |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Infectious Disease / Virology |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
Emtricitabine and tenofovir are antiretroviral agents that work synergistically to suppress HIV-1 replication. Both drugs inhibit reverse transcriptase, the viral enzyme essential for HIV to integrate into host cell DNA. By blocking this enzyme, they prevent the virus from establishing productive infection and reduce viral load in treated patients.
Approved indications
- HIV-1 infection (treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis)
- Chronic hepatitis B (tenofovir component)
Common side effects
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Renal impairment (tenofovir-associated)
- Bone density loss
Key clinical trials
- Spotting Syphilis: A Dual Point-of-Care Syphilis Screening Initiative in a Low-Resource Healthcare Setting (NA)
- A Clinical Study of Islatravir and Ulonivirine for People With HIV-1 Who Have Not Been Treated Before (MK-8591B-062) (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- Switch to Doravirine/Islatravir (DOR/ISL) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) Participants Treated With Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) (MK-8591A-018) (PHASE3)
- ImPrEP LEN Brasil: Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir for HIV Prevention (NA)
- Study of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Fixed Dose Combination in Adolescents and Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- A Study of MK-8527 to Prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) (MK-8527-010) (PHASE3)
- Study of Cobicistat-Boosted Atazanavir (ATV/co), Cobicistat-Boosted Darunavir (DRV/co) and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (F/TAF) in Children With HIV (PHASE2, PHASE3)
- A Clinical Study of MK-8527 to Prevent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) (MK-8527-011) (PHASE3)
Primary sources
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| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |