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DPP4 inhibitor
DPP4 inhibitors block the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4, which prolongs the activity of incretin hormones that stimulate insulin secretion in response to glucose.
DPP4 inhibitors block the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4, which prolongs the activity of incretin hormones that stimulate insulin secretion in response to glucose. Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
At a glance
| Generic name | DPP4 inhibitor |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Sitagliptin, Januvia, Janumet, Ristaben, Tesavel |
| Sponsor | AstraZeneca |
| Drug class | DPP4 inhibitor |
| Target | DPP4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Diabetes |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
Mechanism of action
DPP4 inhibitors work by inhibiting the degradation of GLP-1 and GIP, incretin hormones released after meals that enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress glucagon. By preventing the breakdown of these hormones, DPP4 inhibitors increase their circulating levels and duration of action, leading to improved glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. This mechanism is glucose-dependent, meaning insulin is only stimulated when blood glucose is elevated, reducing hypoglycemia risk.
Approved indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Common side effects
- Nasopharyngitis
- Headache
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Hypoglycemia (when combined with other agents)
- Pancreatitis
Key clinical trials
- Effects of Cofrogliptin on Beta-Cell Function in LADA Patients (NA)
- A Study to Evaluate the Effect of add-on Pioglitazone or Dapagliflozin in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled by DPP-4 Inhibitor and Metformin Therapy (PHASE4)
- Early Add-On Combination of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor in People With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Stage 2-3
- Observational Study of Triple Combination Therapy of Zemidapa Tab. and Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
- Dose Optimization of Sitagliptin and Duloxetine in Diabetic Cirrhosis (PHASE4)
- Comparative Study Between (SGLT-2i) and (DPP-4i) in the Prevention of DIC (PHASE4)
- Oral Anti Diabetic Agents in the Hospital (PHASE4)
- Impact of Pharmacogenetic-Guided Treatment on Type 2 Diabetes. (PHASE4)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |