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Dobutamine Hydrochloride In Dextrose 5% In Plastic Container (Dobutamine Hydrochloride)
Direct-acting inotropic agent stimulating cardiac beta-receptors with mild chronotropic and vasodilative effects.
Dobutamine Hydrochloride in 5% Dextrose is a direct-acting inotropic agent indicated for short-term parenteral therapy in cardiac decompensation with depressed contractility. Clinical experience is limited to 48 hours of repeated boluses and/or continuous infusions, with onset within 1-2 minutes and a plasma half-life of 2 minutes. Long-term use is not recommended, as controlled trials show cyclic-AMP-dependent inotropes are not safe or effective for chronic congestive heart failure and are associated with increased hospitalization and death risks. The drug is contraindicated in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis and hypersensitivity to dobutamine.
At a glance
| Generic name | Dobutamine Hydrochloride |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Pfizer Inc. |
| Drug class | Inotropic agent |
| Target | Beta-receptors of the heart |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Cardiovascular |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
| First approval | 1978 |
Mechanism of action
Dobutamine hydrochloride is a direct-acting inotropic agent whose primary activity results from stimulation of the beta-receptors of the heart while producing comparatively mild chronotropic, hypertensive, arrhythmogenic, and vasodilative effects. It does not cause the release of endogenous norepinephrine, as does dopamine. In animal studies, dobutamine produces less increase in heart rate and less decrease in peripheral vascular resistance for a given inotropic effect than does isoproterenol. In patients with depressed cardiac function, dobutamine increases cardiac output with usually no marked increases in heart rate, and cardiac stroke volume is usually increased. Systemic vascular resistance is usually decreased with administration of dobutamine. Facilitation of atrioventricular conduction has been observed in human electrophysiologic studies and in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Approved indications
- Cardiac Decompensation
- Cardiac Decompensation Post Cardiac Surgery
- Cardiogenic shock
- Decompensated cardiac failure
- Organic Cardiac Disease
- Stress echocardiography using dobutamine
Common side effects
- Increased premature ventricular beats during infusions
- Nausea
- Headache
- Anginal pain
- Nonspecific chest pain
- Palpitations
- Shortness of breath
Drug interactions
- Digitalis preparations, furosemide, spironolactone, lidocaine, glyceryl trinitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, morphine, atropine, heparin, protamine, potassium chloride, folic acid, acetaminophen
- Nitroprusside
Primary sources
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| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| FDA label | Mechanism, indications, dosing, boxed warnings, drug interactions |
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