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Persantine (DIPYRIDAMOLE)
Persantine works by inhibiting platelet activation and aggregation by blocking the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1.
Persantine (Dipyridamole) is a small molecule platelet aggregation inhibitor developed by Boehringer Ingelheim, targeting the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1. It was first approved by the FDA in 1961 for various indications, including atrial fibrillation, chronic heart failure, and myocardial perfusion imaging adjunct. Persantine is now off-patent, with 17 generic manufacturers available. Key safety considerations include its potential to cause vasodilation and myocardial ischemia. As a platelet aggregation inhibitor, Persantine works by inhibiting platelet activation and aggregation, thereby reducing the risk of thrombosis.
At a glance
| Generic name | DIPYRIDAMOLE |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Boehringer Ingelheim |
| Drug class | Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor [EPC] |
| Target | Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Cardiovascular |
| Phase | FDA-approved |
| First approval | 1961 |
Mechanism of action
Mechanism of Action. Dipyridamole inhibits the uptake of adenosine into platelets, endothelial cells and erythrocytes in vitro and in vivo; the inhibition occurs in dose-dependent manner at therapeutic concentrations (0.5-1.9 ug/mL). This inhibition results in an increase in local concentrations of adenosine which acts on the platelet 2-receptor thereby stimulating platelet adenylate cyclase and increasing platelet cyclic-3,5- adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. Via this mechanism, platelet aggregation is inhibited in response to various stimuli such as platelet activating factor (PAF), collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Dipyridamole inhibits phosphodiesterase (PDE) in various tissues. While the inhibition of cAMP-PDE is weak, therapeutic levels of dipyridamole inhibit cyclic-3,5-guanosine monophosphate-PDE (cGMP- PDE), thereby augmenting the increase in cGMP produced by EDRF (endothelium-derived relaxing factor, now identified as nitric oxide).
Approved indications
- Atrial fibrillation
- Chronic heart failure
- Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Adjunct
- Platelet Aggregation Inhibition
- Prevention of Cerebral Thrombosis
Common side effects
- ST-T changes
- headache
- dizziness
- hypertonia
- dyspepsia
- myalgia
- abdominal pain
- flatulence
- back pain
- hyperventilation
- nervousness/anxiety
- vomiting
Drug interactions
- P-glycoprotein Substrates
Key clinical trials
- Efficacy of Apixaban in the Treatment of Portal Vein Thrombosis Occurring More Than One Year After LS (NA)
- Non-invasive Evaluation of Patients With Angina and Non-obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (NA)
- A Self-Controlled Study on the Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome in Uremia With Dipyridamole (PHASE2,PHASE3)
- Pioneering Advancements in Cardiocerebrovascular Interactions in the Asia pacFIC - Patent Foramen Ovale Study
- Myocardial Perfusion Quantification With SPECT Using Multi-Pinhole Collimator Compared to Photon-Counting Coronary CTA (NA)
- Efficacy and Safety Study of Endovascular Treatment of Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis (NA)
- Apixaban, Warfarin and Aspirin Prevents Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients After Laparoscopic Splenectomy(ESAWAAPT) (PHASE4)
- Aggrenox To Treat Acute Covid-19 (PHASE3)
Primary sources
Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.
| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| FDA label | Mechanism, indications, dosing, boxed warnings, drug interactions |
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |
Competitive intelligence
For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape:
- Persantine CI brief — competitive landscape report
- Persantine updates RSS · CI watch RSS
- Boehringer Ingelheim portfolio CI