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Dapagliflozin (DAPA)

Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Dapagliflozin inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidney, reducing glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion.

Dapagliflozin, developed by the Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation, is an SGLT2 inhibitor used primarily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It works by inhibiting the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and reduced blood glucose levels. Despite its efficacy, dapagliflozin does not have an FDA label, which may limit its use in certain markets. Common side effects include urinary tract infections and genital fungal infections, occurring in about 3-5% of patients. The drug is also under investigation for potential cardiovascular benefits.

At a glance

Generic nameDapagliflozin (DAPA)
Also known asDapagliflozin, • Farxiga, • SGLT2 inhibitor, iSGLT2, SGLT2 inhibitor
SponsorOttawa Heart Institute Research Corporation
Drug classSGLT2 inhibitor
TargetSGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2)
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaDiabetes, Cardiovascular
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

By blocking SGLT2, dapagliflozin prevents the reabsorption of filtered glucose in the proximal tubule of the nephron, leading to increased urinary glucose loss and lower blood glucose levels. Beyond glycemic control, SGLT2 inhibition has cardioprotective and renoprotective effects, reducing heart failure hospitalizations and slowing diabetic kidney disease progression.

Approved indications

Common side effects

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