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bupropion extra long (XL)

New York State Psychiatric Institute · FDA-approved active Small molecule

Bupropion XL is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) that increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain by blocking their reuptake at the neuronal synapse.

Bupropion XL is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI) that increases levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain by blocking their reuptake at the neuronal synapse. Used for Major depressive disorder, Seasonal affective disorder, Smoking cessation (as adjunctive therapy).

At a glance

Generic namebupropion extra long (XL)
Also known asWellbutrin extra long (XL)
SponsorNew York State Psychiatric Institute
Drug classNorepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI)
TargetNorepinephrine transporter (NET), dopamine transporter (DAT)
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaPsychiatry / Neurology
PhaseFDA-approved

Mechanism of action

By inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine, bupropion increases the concentration of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, enhancing their signaling. Unlike SSRIs, it does not significantly affect serotonin reuptake. The XL formulation provides extended-release delivery for once-daily dosing, maintaining therapeutic levels throughout the day.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

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SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

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