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ATRA + IDA
ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) differentiates acute promyelocytic leukemia cells while IDA (idarubicin) induces DNA damage and apoptosis in leukemic blasts.
ATRA (all-trans retinoic acid) differentiates acute promyelocytic leukemia cells while IDA (idarubicin) induces DNA damage and apoptosis in leukemic blasts. Used for Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in pediatric patients.
At a glance
| Generic name | ATRA + IDA |
|---|---|
| Sponsor | Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica |
| Drug class | Combination therapy: retinoid + anthracycline chemotherapy |
| Target | Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and topoisomerase II |
| Modality | Small molecule |
| Therapeutic area | Oncology |
| Phase | Phase 3 |
Mechanism of action
ATRA binds to retinoic acid receptors and promotes differentiation of APL blasts into mature granulocytes, while idarubicin is a topoisomerase II inhibitor that intercalates DNA and triggers apoptosis. The combination leverages differentiation therapy with chemotherapy to achieve high remission rates in acute promyelocytic leukemia, particularly in pediatric populations.
Approved indications
- Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in pediatric patients
Common side effects
- Differentiation syndrome (retinoic acid syndrome)
- Myelosuppression
- Hepatotoxicity
- Cardiotoxicity
- Mucositis
Key clinical trials
- Tretinoin and Arsenic Trioxide in Treating Patients With Untreated Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (PHASE3)
- Frontline Oral Arsenic Trioxide for APL (PHASE2)
- Study for Patients With Newly Diagnosed, High-risk Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (PHASE3)
- RWE of 1st Line Treatment With ATO/ATRA for Adult APL
- Study of Chemotherapy in Combination With All-trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA) With or Without Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Mutant Nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) Gene Mutation (PHASE3)
- Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (PHASE3)
- Phase III Trial in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients (PHASE3)
- Combination Chemotherapy Plus Biological Therapy in Treating Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (PHASE2)
Primary sources
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| Source | Used for |
|---|---|
| ClinicalTrials.gov | Trial enrolment, design, endpoints, results |