Last reviewed 2026-04-22 · How we verify

Anakinra (Kineret®)

Anakinra blocks interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor signaling to reduce inflammatory cytokine activity.

Anakinra blocks interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor signaling to reduce inflammatory cytokine activity. Used for Rheumatoid arthritis, Neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID), Autoinflammatory syndromes.

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Anakinra is a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist that competitively inhibits IL-1α and IL-1β binding to the IL-1 type I receptor, thereby suppressing downstream inflammatory signaling. This mechanism reduces the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and helps modulate the innate immune response in inflammatory and autoinflammatory conditions.

Approved indications

• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID)
• Autoinflammatory syndromes

Common side effects

• Injection site reactions
• Headache
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Infections

Key clinical trials

• IL-1 Inhibition in Early TNBC (PHASE2)
• Empagliflozin and Anakinra for the Treatment of Postprandial Hypoglycemia in Patients With Prediabetes (PHASE2)
• ANAKINRA IN THE TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC ACUTE MYOCARDITIS (PHASE3)
• Anakinra Pilot 2 - A Study to Optimise Dose and Route of Administration of Anakinra in Preterm Infants (PHASE2)
• A Phase 2 Trial of Anakinra for the Prevention of CAR-T Cell Mediated Neurotoxicity (PHASE2)
• Pre-emptive Anakinra for Cytokine Event Reduction (PHASE1, PHASE2)
• CORIMUNO-ANA: Trial Evaluating Efficacy Of Anakinra In Patients With Covid-19 Infection (PHASE2)
• IL-1-receptor Antagonist During Cephalic Phase of Insulin Secretion in Health and Type 2 Diabetes (PHASE2)

Primary sources

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