Last reviewed 2026-04-22 · How we verify

Aerosolized Calfactant

Aerosolized calfactant is a pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy delivered directly to the lungs via inhalation to restore surfactant function and improve gas exchange.

Aerosolized calfactant is a pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy delivered directly to the lungs via inhalation to restore surfactant function and improve gas exchange. Used for Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Respiratory distress in premature infants (potential).

At a glance

Mechanism of action

Calfactant is a natural lung surfactant derived from calf lung tissue that reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing alveolar collapse and improving lung compliance. When delivered as an aerosolized formulation, it reaches distal airways and alveoli to restore surfactant deficiency or dysfunction in respiratory conditions. This mechanism helps restore normal respiratory mechanics and oxygenation.

Approved indications

• Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
• Respiratory distress in premature infants (potential)

Common side effects

• Transient oxygen desaturation
• Airway obstruction
• Bradycardia
• Reflux

Key clinical trials

• Comparison of Aerosol Delivery of Infasurf to Usual Care in Spontaneously Breathing RDS Patients (PHASE3)
• Aerosolized Infasurf Treatment Protocol: Aerosolized Infasurf for Spontaneously Breathing Patients With Early RDS (AERO-03)
• Infasurf®(Calfactant) Aerosol for Infants With Bronchiolitis-AERO-04 (PHASE1)

Primary sources

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