Last reviewed · How we verify

AD109

Apnimed · Phase 3 active Small molecule

AD109 is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist that blocks inhibitory signaling in the tumor microenvironment to enhance immune cell activation.

AD109 is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist that blocks inhibitory signaling in the tumor microenvironment to enhance immune cell activation. Used for Advanced or metastatic solid tumors (in combination with checkpoint inhibitors).

At a glance

Generic nameAD109
SponsorApnimed
Drug classAdenosine A2A receptor antagonist
TargetAdenosine A2A receptor
ModalitySmall molecule
Therapeutic areaOncology
PhasePhase 3

Mechanism of action

AD109 works by antagonizing adenosine A2A receptors, which are expressed on immune cells and suppress anti-tumor immunity when activated by adenosine in the tumor microenvironment. By blocking this pathway, the drug relieves immune suppression and enhances T cell and natural killer cell function, promoting anti-tumor immune responses. This mechanism is often combined with checkpoint inhibitors to improve overall anti-tumor efficacy.

Approved indications

Common side effects

Key clinical trials

Primary sources

Every claim on this page is sourced from regulatory or scientific primary sources. See our editorial policy for full methodology.

SourceUsed for
ClinicalTrials.govTrial enrolment, design, endpoints, results

Competitive intelligence

For the full competitive landscape — auto-detected comparators, recent regulatory actions across the set, upcoming PDUFA, patent timeline, sponsor landscape: