{"id":"verapamil-paroxetine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Bradycardia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Constipation"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1280","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"491.07"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Verapamil blocks P-glycoprotein and other efflux transporters that normally pump paroxetine out of cells and across the blood-brain barrier. By inhibiting these transporters, verapamil increases paroxetine concentrations in the brain and systemic circulation, potentially enhancing antidepressant efficacy at lower doses. This is a pharmacokinetic interaction strategy rather than a direct therapeutic mechanism.","oneSentence":"This combination uses verapamil (a calcium channel blocker) to inhibit drug efflux transporters, thereby increasing paroxetine (an SSRI) bioavailability and CNS penetration.","_ai_confidence":"low"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:15:06.762Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Depression (investigational combination to enhance SSRI efficacy)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03511118","phase":"","title":"Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Commonly Used Drugs in Lactating Women and Breastfed Infants","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Duke University","startDate":"2018-10-04","conditions":"Lactating Women on Select DOI, Breastfed Infants of Mothers on Select DOI","enrollment":1600},{"nctId":"NCT06799169","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Management of Acute Tinnitus With Migraine Medications","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of California, Irvine","startDate":"2025-06-01","conditions":"Tinnitus","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT06107829","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Valbenazine Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia in Adults With Intellectual/Developmental Disabilities","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Stephen Ruedrich","startDate":"2025-01","conditions":"Tardive Dyskinesia, Intellectual Disability, Developmental Disabilities","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT04404439","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Treatment of Tinnitus With Migraine Medications","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of California, Irvine","startDate":"2019-09-26","conditions":"Tinnitus, Subjective, Tinnitus","enrollment":150}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":2,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Verapamil + paroxetine","genericName":"Verapamil + paroxetine","companyName":"University of California, Irvine","companyId":"university-of-california-irvine","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Verapamil, a small molecule that blocks voltage-gated L-type calcium channels, is combined with paroxetine in a clinical trial for the treatment of tinnitus. The combination of verapamil and paroxetine is being studied in a randomized clinical trial, along with a placebo and other interventions, for its potential therapeutic effects on various conditions including tinnitus.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}