{"id":"vandetanib","rwe":[],"_fda":{"id":"cf08f2bd-2d9a-4129-b2d7-06a79983bd20","set_id":"e5721cb8-4185-47b9-bbb3-1c587e558a03","openfda":{"nui":["N0000175605","N0000175076","N0000185503","N0000187061"],"unii":["YO460OQ37K"],"route":["ORAL"],"rxcui":["1098416","1098418","1114074","1114096"],"spl_id":["cf08f2bd-2d9a-4129-b2d7-06a79983bd20"],"brand_name":["CAPRELSA"],"spl_set_id":["e5721cb8-4185-47b9-bbb3-1c587e558a03"],"package_ndc":["58468-7820-3","58468-7840-3"],"product_ndc":["58468-7820","58468-7840"],"generic_name":["VANDETANIB"],"product_type":["HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG"],"substance_name":["VANDETANIB"],"pharm_class_epc":["Kinase Inhibitor [EPC]"],"pharm_class_moa":["Protein Kinase Inhibitors [MoA]","P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors [MoA]","Organic Cation Transporter 2 Inhibitors [MoA]"],"manufacturer_name":["Genzyme Corporation"],"application_number":["NDA022405"],"is_original_packager":[true]},"version":"13","pregnancy":["8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, CAPRELSA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available human data on CAPRELSA use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk. Vandetanib is embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and induced fetal malformations in rats at exposures less than or equal to those expected at the recommended human dose of 300 mg/day. Advise patients of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal data In reproductive toxicity studies, administration of vandetanib to female rats prior to mating and through the first week of pregnancy at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day (approximately equal to the human exposure at the 300 mg clinical dose based on C max ), there were increases in pre-implantation loss and post-implantation loss resulting in a reduction in the number of live embryos. During organogenesis, vandetanib caused an increase in post-implantation loss, including occasional total litter loss at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day. At doses greater than 10 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.4 times the human C max at the 300 mg clinical dose) treatment with vandetanib resulted in increases in late embryofetal death and decreases in fetal birth weight. A no-effect level for malformations was not identified in this study. Administration of vandetanib at doses greater than or equal to 1 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.03 times the human C max at the 300 mg clinical dose) resulted in dose dependent increases in both malformations of the heart vessels and skeletal variations including delayed ossification of the skull, vertebrae, and sternum, indicating delayed fetal development. In a rat prenatal and postnatal development study, at doses (1 and 10 mg/kg/day) producing mild maternal toxicity during gestation and/or lactation, vandetanib decreased pup survival and reduced postnatal pup growth. Reduced postnatal pup growth was associated with a delay in physical development."],"overdosage":["10 OVERDOSAGE In the event of an overdose, monitor patients closely for QTc prolongation. Adverse events including QT interval prolongation should be monitored closely as they may not resolve fully until approximately three plasma half-lives of the drug."],"references":["15 REFERENCES OSHA Hazardous Drugs (OSHA Technical Manual). OSHA."],"description":["11 DESCRIPTION Vandetanib has the chemical name N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl) methoxy]quinazolin-4-amine. The structural and molecular formulas are: C 22 H 24 BrFN 4 O 2 Vandetanib has a molecular weight of 475.36 g/mol. Vandetanib exhibits pH-dependent solubility, with increased solubility at lower pH. Vandetanib is practically insoluble in water with a value of 0.008 mg/mL at 25°C (77°F). CAPRELSA tablets for daily oral administration are available in two dosage strengths containing either 100 mg or 300 mg of vandetanib. The tablet cores contain the following inactive ingredients: calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone. The tablet film-coat contains the following inactive ingredients: hypromellose 2910, macrogol 300, and titanium dioxide E171. Chemical Structure"],"how_supplied":["16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 100 mg Tablets available in bottles containing 30 tablets (NDC 58468-7820-3). 300 mg Tablets available in bottles containing 30 tablets (NDC 58468-7840-3). 16.1 Storage and Handling CAPRELSA tablets should be stored at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C); excursions permitted to 59°F–86°F (15°C-30°C) [See USP controlled room temperature]. Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be considered. A guideline on this subject has been published. 1 Do not crush CAPRELSA tablets."],"spl_medguide":["This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Revised: 1/2026 MEDICATION GUIDE CAPRELSA ® (kap-rel-sah) (vandetanib) tablets Read this Medication Guide before you start taking CAPRELSA and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment. What is the most important information I should know about CAPRELSA? CAPRELSA can cause a change in the electrical activity of your heart called QT prolongation , which can cause irregular heartbeats and that may lead to death. You should not take CAPRELSA if you have had a condition called long QT syndrome since birth. Your healthcare provider should perform tests to check the levels of your blood potassium, calcium, magnesium, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), as well as the electrical activity of your heart with a test called an electrocardiogram (ECG). You should have these tests: Before starting CAPRELSA Regularly during CAPRELSA treatment: 2 to 4 weeks after starting CAPRELSA 8 to 12 weeks after starting CAPRELSA every 3 months thereafter if your healthcare provider changes your dose of CAPRELSA if you start taking medicine that causes QT prolongation as instructed by your healthcare provider Your healthcare provider may stop your CAPRELSA treatment for a while and restart you at a lower dose if you have QT prolongation. Call your healthcare provider right away if you feel faint, light-headed, or feel your heart beating irregularly during treatment with CAPRELSA. These may be symptoms related to QT prolongation. See \" What are the possible side effects of CAPRELSA? \" for more information about side effects. What is CAPRELSA? CAPRELSA is a prescription medicine used to treat medullary thyroid cancer that cannot be removed by surgery or that has spread to other parts of the body. It takes a long time to get rid of CAPRELSA from your body and you may be at risk for side effects related to CAPRELSA after you have stopped your treatment. It is not known if CAPRELSA is safe and effective in children. Who should not take CAPRELSA? Do not take CAPRELSA if you have QT prolongation. Before you take CAPRELSA, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: have any heart problems, including a condition called congenital long QT syndrome have an irregular heartbeat take or have stopped taking a medicine that causes QT prolongation have low blood levels of potassium, calcium, or magnesium have high blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone have high blood pressure have skin problems have a history of breathing problems have a recent history of coughing up blood or bleeding have diarrhea have liver problems have kidney problems have seizures or are being treated for seizures have weak or soft bone problems (osteonecrosis), including osteonecrosis of the jaw plan to have any surgery, a dental procedure or have had a recent surgery. You should stop taking CAPRELSA at least 1 month before a planned surgery or dental procedure. See \" What are the possible side effects of CAPRELSA? \" are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. CAPRELSA can cause harm to your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider if you become pregnant or think you might be pregnant during treatment with CAPRELSA. Females who are able to become pregnant: Your healthcare provider must do a pregnancy test before you begin treatment with CAPRELSA. You must use effective birth control (contraception) during your treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after your last dose of CAPRELSA. Talk to your healthcare provider about birth control methods that may be used during treatment with CAPRELSA. Males with female partners who are able to become pregnant: You must use effective birth control during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after your last dose of CAPRELSA. are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if CAPRELSA passes into your breast milk. Do not breastfeed during treatment and for 4 months after your last dose of CAPRELSA. Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take , including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. CAPRELSA and other medicines may affect each other causing side effects. Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take: St. John's wort. You should not take St. John's wort during treatment with CAPRELSA a medicine for your heart bisphosphonate medicines or denosumab Ask your healthcare provider if you are not sure if your medicine is one listed above. Do not take other medicines during treatment with CAPRELSA until you have talked with your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine. How should I take CAPRELSA? Take CAPRELSA exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. Do not change your dose or stop taking CAPRELSA unless your healthcare provider tells you to. CAPRELSA may be taken with or without food. Swallow CAPRELSA tablets whole with water. Do not crush CAPRELSA tablets. If CAPRELSA tablets are accidentally crushed, contact with skin should be avoided. If contact occurs, wash affected areas well with water. If you cannot swallow CAPRELSA tablets whole: place your dose of CAPRELSA in a glass that contains 2 ounces of noncarbonated water (no other liquids should be used). stir the CAPRELSA tablet(s) and water mixture for about 10 minutes or until the tablet(s) are in very small pieces (the tablets will not completely dissolve). swallow CAPRELSA and water mixture right away. if any CAPRELSA and water mixture remains in the glass, mix with an additional 4 ounces of noncarbonated water and swallow the mixture to make sure that you take your full dose of CAPRELSA. If you miss a dose and your next dose is in: less than 12 hours, take your next dose at the normal time. Do not make up for the missed dose. 12 hours or more, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Take the next dose at the normal time. Call your healthcare provider right away if you take too much CAPRELSA. Your healthcare provider should check your blood pressure regularly during your treatment with CAPRELSA. What should I avoid while taking CAPRELSA? Limit exposure to the sun. CAPRELSA can make your skin sensitive to the sun. During treatment with CAPRELSA and for at least 4 months after stopping treatment with CAPRELSA, use sun block and wear clothes that cover your skin, including your head, arms, and legs when you go outdoors. Use caution before driving or using machinery. Keep in mind CAPRELSA may make you feel tired, or cause blurred vision. What are the possible side effects of CAPRELSA? CAPRELSA may cause serious side effects, including: See \" What is the most important information I should know about CAPRELSA? \" Severe skin reactions. CAPRELSA can cause severe skin reactions that can lead to death, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or other serious skin reactions that may affect any part of your body. These severe skin reactions may be life threatening and you may need to be treated in a hospital. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms: skin rash or acne dry skin itching blisters on your skin redness or swelling of your face, hands, or soles of your feet blisters or sores in your mouth peeling of your skin fever muscle or joint aches Breathing problems (interstitial lung disease). CAPRELSA may cause a breathing problem called interstitial lung disease that can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you experience sudden or worsening shortness of breath, cough that does not go away (persistent) or fever. Stroke. Strokes have been reported in some people who have taken CAPRELSA and in some cases have caused death. Stop taking CAPRELSA and call your healthcare provider right away if you have symptoms of a stroke which may include: numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination sudden, severe headache Bleeding. CAPRELSA can cause serious bleeding that can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have severe bleeding during treatment with CAPRELSA. Heart failure. CAPRELSA can cause heart failure that can lead to death. You may have to stop taking CAPRELSA if you have heart failure. Heart failure may not be reversible after stopping CAPRELSA. Your healthcare provider should monitor you for signs and symptoms of heart failure. Diarrhea. Diarrhea is common with CAPRELSA and can be severe. Your healthcare provider should check your blood levels to monitor your electrolytes more frequently if you have diarrhea. Tell your healthcare provider if you develop diarrhea during treatment with CAPRELSA. Thyroid hormones. You can have changes in your thyroid hormone during treatment with CAPRELSA. Your healthcare provider should monitor your thyroid hormone levels during treatment with CAPRELSA. High blood pressure (hypertension). If you develop high blood pressure or your high blood pressure gets worse, your healthcare provider may lower your dose of CAPRELSA or tell you to stop taking CAPRELSA until your blood pressure is under control. Your healthcare provider may prescribe another medicine to control your high blood pressure. Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS). A condition called reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome can happen while taking CAPRELSA. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms: seizures headaches changes in vision confusion problems thinking Kidney problems. CAPRELSA may cause problems with your kidneys, including kidney failure. Wound healing problems. Wounds may not heal properly during CAPRELSA treatment. Tell your healthcare provider if you plan to have any surgery before starting or during treatment with CAPRELSA. You should stop taking CAPRELSA at least 1 month before planned surgery. Your healthcare provider should tell you when you may start taking CAPRELSA again after surgery. Bone problems (osteonecrosis). CAPRELSA may cause death of bone tissue in your jawbone. Your healthcare provider should examine your mouth before you start and during treatment with CAPRELSA. Tell your dentist that you are taking CAPRELSA. It is important for you to practice good mouth care during treatment with CAPRELSA. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any symptoms of jaw problems including jaw pain, toothache, loose teeth or sores on your gums. The most common side effects of CAPRELSA include: rash acne high blood pressure nausea headache upper respiratory tract infections decreased appetite stomach-area (abdominal) pain Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all of the possible side effects of CAPRELSA. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. How should I store CAPRELSA? Store CAPRELSA tablets at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C). Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or that you no longer need. Ask your pharmacist how to safely throw away CAPRELSA tablets. Keep CAPRELSA and all medicines out of the reach of children. General information about the safe and effective use of CAPRELSA. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use CAPRELSA for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give CAPRELSA to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about CAPRELSA that is written for health professionals. What are the ingredients in CAPRELSA? Active ingredient : vandetanib Inactive ingredients : Tablet core : calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidone Tablet film-coat : hypromellose 2910, macrogol 300, and titanium dioxide E171 Manufactured for: Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02141, A SANOFI COMPANY CAPRELSA is a registered trademark of Genzyme Corporation. ©2026 Genzyme Corporation. For more information, go to www.caprelsa.com or call 1-800-633-1610."],"boxed_warning":["WARNING: QT PROLONGATION, TORSADES DE POINTES, AND SUDDEN DEATH CAPRELSA can prolong the QT interval. Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred in patients receiving CAPRELSA. Do not use CAPRELSA in patients with hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or long QT syndrome. Correct hypocalcemia, hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia prior to CAPRELSA administration. Monitor electrolytes periodically. Avoid drugs known to prolong the QT interval [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . WARNING: QT PROLONGATION, TORSADES DE POINTES, AND SUDDEN DEATH See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. CAPRELSA can prolong the QT interval. Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred in patients receiving CAPRELSA. Do not use CAPRELSA in patients with hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or long QT syndrome. Correct hypocalcemia, hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia prior to CAPRELSA administration. Monitor electrolytes periodically. Avoid drugs known to prolong the QT interval ( 5.1 )."],"geriatric_use":["8.5 Geriatric Use The MTC study of CAPRELSA did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently compared to younger patients."],"pediatric_use":["8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and efficacy of CAPRELSA in pediatric patients have not been established."],"effective_time":"20260202","clinical_studies":["14 CLINICAL STUDIES 14.1 Clinical Trial in Patients with Medullary Thyroid Cancer A double-blind, placebo-controlled study (Study D4200C00058, NCT00410761) randomized patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer to CAPRELSA 300 mg (n=231) versus placebo (n=100). The major efficacy outcome measure was progression-free survival (PFS) with CAPRELSA compared to placebo. Other efficacy outcome measures included evaluation of overall survival (OS) and overall objective response rate (ORR). Centralized, independent blinded review of the imaging data was used in the assessment of PFS and ORR. Upon objective disease progression based on the investigator's assessment, patients were discontinued from blinded study treatment and given the option to receive open-label CAPRELSA. Forty-seven percent (109/231) of the patients initially randomized to CAPRELSA opted to receive open-label CAPRELSA after disease progression, and 79% (79/100) of the patients initially randomized to placebo opted to receive open-label CAPRELSA after disease progression. The result of the PFS analysis, based on the central review RECIST assessment, showed a statistically significant improvement in PFS for patients randomized to CAPRELSA (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.35; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.24-0.53; p<0.0001). Analyses in the subgroups of patients who were symptomatic or had progressed within 6 months prior to their enrollment showed similar PFS results (HR = 0.31 95% CI: 0.19, 0.53 for symptomatic patients; HR = 0.41 95% CI: 0.25, 0.66 for patients who had progressed within 6 months prior to enrollment). Median final OS were similar across both treatment arms. The overall objective response rate (ORR) for patients randomized to CAPRELSA was 44% compared to 1% for patients randomized to placebo. All objective responses were partial responses. Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curves for Progression Free Survival in Study D4200C00058 Table 3: Efficacy Results in Study D4200C00058 Vandetanib 300 mg (N=231) Placebo (N=100) Progression Free Survival Events (%) 59 (26.0) 41 (41.0) Median, months NR Not reached 16.4 (95% CI) (22.6, NE Not estimable ) (8.3, 19.7) Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 0.35 (0.24, 0.53) p-value <0.0001 Overall Survival Deaths (%) 116 (50.2) 52 (52.0) Median, months 81.6 80.4 (95% CI) (64.6, 98.5) (52.5, NE) Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 0.99 (0.72, 1.38) p-value 0.975 Figure 1"],"pharmacodynamics":["12.2 Pharmacodynamics Cardiac Electrophysiology In 231 patients with medullary thyroid cancer randomized to receive CAPRELSA 300 mg once daily in the phase 3 clinical trial. CAPRELSA was associated with sustained plasma concentration-dependent QT prolongation. Based on the exposure-response relationship, the mean (90% CI) QTcF change from baseline (ΔQTcF) was 35 (33–36) ms for the 300 mg dose. The ΔQTcF remained above 30 ms for the duration of the trial (up to 2 years). In addition, 36% of patients experienced greater than 60 ms increase in ΔQTcF and 4.3% of patients had QTcF greater than 500 ms. Cases of Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) , (5.11) ] ."],"pharmacokinetics":["12.3 Pharmacokinetics A population pharmacokinetic analysis of CAPRELSA was conducted in 231 patients with MTC following oral administration of 300 mg daily doses. The pharmacokinetics of CAPRELSA at the 300 mg dose in MTC patients are characterized by a mean clearance of approximately 13.2 L/h, a mean volume of distribution of approximately 7450 L, and a median plasma half-life of 19 days. Absorption Following oral administration of CAPRELSA, absorption is slow with peak plasma concentrations typically achieved at a median of 6 hours, range 4 to 10 hours, after dosing. Vandetanib accumulates approximately 8-fold on multiple dosing with steady state achieved in approximately 3 months. Exposure to vandetanib is unaffected by food. Distribution Vandetanib binds to human serum albumin and α1-acid-glycoprotein with in vitro protein binding being approximately 90%. In ex vivo plasma samples from colorectal cancer patients at steady state exposure after 300 mg once daily, the mean percentage protein binding was 94%. Metabolism Following oral dosing of 14 C-vandetanib, unchanged vandetanib and metabolites vandetanib N-oxide and N-desmethyl vandetanib were detected in plasma, urine and feces. A glucuronide conjugate was seen as a minor metabolite in excreta only. N-desmethyl-vandetanib is primarily produced by CYP3A4 and vandetanib-N-oxide by flavin-containing monooxygenase enzymes FMO1 and FMO3. N-desmethyl-vandetanib and vandetanib-N-oxide circulate at concentrations of approximately 7–17% and 1.4–2.2%, respectively, of those of vandetanib. Excretion Within a 21-day collection period after a single dose of 14 C-vandetanib, approximately 69% was recovered with 44% in feces and 25% in urine. Excretion of the dose was slow and further excretion beyond 21 days would be expected based on the plasma half-life. Vandetanib was not a substrate of hOCT2 expressed in HEK293 cells. Vandetanib inhibits the uptake of the selective OCT2 marker substrate 14 C-creatinine by HEK-OCT2 cells, with a mean IC 50 of 2.1 μg/mL. This is higher than vandetanib plasma concentrations (0.81 μg/mL) observed after multiple dosing at 300 mg. Inhibition of renal excretion of creatinine by vandetanib provides an explanation for increases in plasma creatinine seen in human subjects receiving vandetanib. Specific Populations Effects of age and gender In a population pharmacokinetic evaluation in cancer patients, no relationship was apparent between oral clearance of vandetanib and patient age or gender. Ethnicity Based on a cross-study comparison in a limited number of patients, Japanese (N=3) and Chinese (N=7) patients had average exposures of vandetanib that were higher than Caucasian (N=7) patients receiving the same dose of CAPRELSA. Pediatric The pharmacokinetics of vandetanib has not been evaluated in pediatric patients. Effect of renal impairment The pharmacokinetics of vandetanib were evaluated after a single CAPRELSA dose of 800 mg in six subjects with mild (creatinine clearance = 50 to <80 mL/min), eight subjects with moderate (creatinine clearance ≥30 to <50 mL/min), six subjects with severe (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) renal impairment and ten subjects with normal (creatinine clearance >80 mL/min) renal function. Subjects with mild renal impairment had a comparable mean AUC of vandetanib to that with normal renal function. In subjects with moderate or severe renal impairment, the average AUC of vandetanib increased by 39% and 41%, respectively, compared to patients with normal renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Warnings and Precautions (5.12) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] . Drug Interactions Effect of other drugs on CAPRELSA Strong CYP3A4 inducers: In a cross-over study in 12 healthy volunteers, a single oral 300 mg dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone on day 1 and on day 10 in combination with daily doses of 600 mg of rifampicin (a strong CYP3A4 inducer) given on days 1 to 31. The coadministration of rifampicin with CAPRELSA decreased the geometric mean AUC 0–504h of vandetanib by 40% (90% confidence interval (CI): 56%, 63%) compared to vandetanib alone. No clinically meaningful change in the mean C max of vandetanib was observed. The geometric mean AUC 0–504h and C max of N-desmethylvandetanib increased by 266% and 414%, respectively, in the presence of rifampicin compared with vandetanib alone [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ] . Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors: In a cross-over study in 14 healthy volunteers, a single oral 300 mg dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone and on day 4 in combination with daily doses of 200 mg of itraconazole (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) given on days 1 to 24. No change was observed in the geometric mean AUC 0–504h or C max of vandetanib when itraconazole was coadministered with CAPRELSA. Gastric pH elevating agents: In a cross-over study of 14 healthy volunteers, a single oral 300 mg dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone and in combination with five daily doses of 40 mg omeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor). No clinically meaningful change was observed in the geometric mean AUC 0–504h and C max of vandetanib when omeprazole was coadministered with CAPRELSA. In a cross-over study of 16 healthy volunteers, a single 300 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone and after two oral doses of 150 mg of ranitidine (a H 2 receptor antagonist) administered about 12 hours apart. No change was observed in the geometric mean AUC 0–504h and C max of vandetanib when ranitidine was coadministered with CAPRELSA. Effect of CAPRELSA on other drugs Sensitive CYP3A4 substrates: In a cross-over study of 16 healthy volunteers, a single oral 7.5 mg dose of midazolam (as 2 mg/mL oral syrup), a sensitive CYP3A4 substrate, was administered alone and 8 days after receiving a single 800 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA. No change was observed in the geometric mean C max and AUC inf of midazolam when CAPRELSA was coadministered with midazolam. Substrates of OCT2 transporter: In a cross-over study of 13 healthy volunteers, a single 1000 mg oral dose of metformin, a substrate of OCT2, was administered alone and 3 hours after receiving a single 800 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA. The coadministration of CAPRELSA with metformin increased the geometric mean AUC inf of metformin by 74% (90% CI: 58%, 92%) and geometric mean C max of metformin by 50% (90% CI: 34%, 67%) compared to metformin alone [see Drug Interactions (7.2) ] . Substrates of P-glycoprotein transporter: In a cross-over study of 14 healthy volunteers, a single oral 0.25 mg dose of digoxin, a substrate of P-glycoprotein, was administered alone and in combination with a single 300 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA. The coadministration of CAPRELSA increased the geometric mean C max digoxin by 29% (90% CI: 10%, 52%) and the geometric mean of AUC 0–t of digoxin by 23% (90% CI: 12%, 34%) compared to digoxin alone [see Drug Interactions (7.3) ] ."],"adverse_reactions":["6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the label: QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes [see Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Severe Skin Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Interstitial Lung Disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Hemorrhage [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Heart Failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Diarrhea [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] Hypothyroidism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] Renal Failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12) ] Embryo-Fetal Toxicity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.15) ] Osteonecrosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.16) ] The most common adverse drug reactions (>20%) seen with CAPRELSA and with a between-arm difference of ≥5 % have been diarrhea/colitis, rash, acneiform dermatitis, hypertension, nausea, headache, upper respiratory tract infections, decreased appetite and abdominal pain. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, Contact Sanofi Genzyme at 1-800-633-1610 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer were treated with CAPRELSA 300 mg (n=231) or Placebo (n=99). The population exposed to CAPRELSA was 58% male, 94% white, and had a median age of 50 years. The data described below reflect a median exposure to CAPRELSA for 607 days. The most commonly reported adverse drug reactions which occurred in >20% of CAPRELSA-treated patients and with a between-arm difference of ≥5% included, in order of decreasing frequency: diarrhea/colitis, rash, acneiform dermatitis, hypertension, nausea, headache, upper respiratory tract infection, decreased appetite, and abdominal pain. Among CAPRELSA-treated patients, dose interruption occurred in 109 (47%) and dose reduction occurred in 83 (36%). Adverse reactions led to study treatment discontinuation in 28 of 231 patients (12%) receiving CAPRELSA and in 3 of 99 patients (3.0%) receiving placebo. Adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation in 2 or more (≥0.9%) patients treated with CAPRELSA were: asthenia (1.7%), rash (1.7%), diarrhea (0.9%), fatigue (0.9%), pyrexia (0.9%), elevated creatinine (0.9%), QT prolongation (0.9%), and hypertension (0.9%). Table 1: Per-Patient Incidence of Selected Adverse Reactions Occurring at a Higher Incidence in CAPRELSA-Treated Patients During Randomized Treatment (Between-Arm Difference of ≥5% [All Grades] CTCAE version 3 was used to grade adverse events. ) System Organ Class CAPRELSA 300 mg Placebo Preferred Term N=231 N=99 All Grades (%) Grade 3 or 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 or 4 (%) Gastrointestinal Disorders Diarrhea/Colitis 57 11 27 2 Nausea 33 1 16 0 Abdominal Pain Includes abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, lower abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. 21 3 11 0 Vomiting 15 1 7 0 Dyspepsia 11 0 4 0 Dry Mouth 9 0 3 0 Skin and Cutaneous Disorders Rash Includes rash, rash (erythematous, generalized, macular, maculopapular, papular, pruritic, and exfoliative), dermatitis, dermatitis bullous, generalized erythema, and eczema. 53 5 12 0 Dermatitis Acneiform/Acne 35 1 7 0 Dry Skin 15 0 5 0 Photosensitivity Reaction 13 2 0 0 Pruritus 11 1 4 0 Nail abnormalities Includes nail disorder, nail bed inflammation, nail bed tenderness, paronychia, nail bed infection, and nail infection. 9 0 0 0 Alopecia 8 N/A 0 N/A Vascular Disorders Hypertension/Hypertensive Crisis/Accelerated Hypertension 33 9 5 1 Nervous System Disorders Headache 26 1 9 0 Dysgeusia 8 0 3 0 General Disorders Fatigue Included in Table 1 due to the increased incidence of severe fatigue in the CAPRELSA group compared to the placebo group. 24 6 23 1 Infections Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Includes laryngitis, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection, acute sinusitis, rhinitis, and tracheitis. 23 0 16 0 Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders Decreased Appetite 21 4 12 0 Hypocalcemia 11 2 3 0 Investigations ECG QT Prolonged 69% had QT prolongation >450 ms and 7% had QT prolongation >500 ms by ECG using Fridericia correction. 14 8 1 1 Eye Disorders Corneal Abnormalities Includes corneal edema, corneal opacity, corneal dystrophy, corneal pigmentation, keratopathy, arcus lipoides, corneal deposits, and acquired corneal dystrophy. 13 0 1 0 Blurred Vision 9 0 1 0 Renal Disorders Proteinuria 10 0 2 0 Psychiatric Disorders Depression 10 2 3 0 Endocrine Disorders Hypothyroidism 6 0 0 0 Musculoskeletal Disorders Muscle Spasms 6 0 1 0 Other Clinically Relevant Adverse Effects In patients with medullary thyroid cancer treated with CAPRELSA or placebo (NCT00410761), clinically important uncommon adverse drug reactions included pancreatitis (0.4% vs 0%), intestinal perforation (0.4% vs 0%), and heart failure (0.9% vs 0%). Blurred vision was commonly reported (9% vs 1%) in this trial. Scheduled slit lamp examinations revealed corneal opacities (vortex keratopathies) in treated patients, which can lead to halos and decreased visual acuity. Perform ophthalmologic examination, including slit lamp examination, in patients who report visual changes. Grade 1 to 2 bleeding events were also more common in patients receiving CAPRELSA compared to placebo (14% vs 7%). Table 2: Per-Patient Incidence of Selected Laboratory Abnormalities in Patients with MTC Occurring at a Higher Incidence in CAPRELSA-Treated Patients (Between-Arm Difference of ≥5% [All Grades] CTCAE version 3 was used to grade laboratory abnormalities. ) Laboratory Abnormalities CAPRELSA 300 mg N=231 Placebo N=99 All Grades (%) Grade 3 or 4 (%) All Grades (%) Grade 3 or 4 (%) Chemistries Hypocalcemia 57 6 25 3 ALT Increased 51 2 19 0 Hypoglycemia 24 0 7 1 Creatinine Increased 16 0 1 0 Hypomagnesemia 7 <1 2 0 Hematologic Neutropenia 10 <1 5 2 Thrombocytopenia 9 0 3 0 No patient with a Grade 3 to 4 ALT elevation had a concomitant increase in bilirubin in the MTC study. 6.2 Postmarketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of CAPRELSA. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Vascular disorders : Arterial (including aortic) aneurysms, dissections, and rupture Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders : Osteonecrosis General disorders: Impaired wound healing"],"contraindications":["4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Do not use in patients with congenital long QT syndrome [see Boxed Warning ] . Do not use in patients with congenital long QT syndrome. ( 4 )"],"drug_interactions":["7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Avoid the use of strong CYP3A4 inducers because they may decrease CAPRELSA exposure. ( 7.1 ) Avoid the use of agents that prolong the QT interval. ( 5.11 ) 7.1 Effect of CYP3A4 Inducers on CAPRELSA Rifampicin, a strong CYP3A4 inducer, decreased vandetanib plasma concentrations. Avoid concomitant use of known strong CYP3A4 inducers during CAPRELSA therapy. Avoid concomitant use of St. John's wort because it can decrease vandetanib exposure unpredictably [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.2 Effect of CAPRELSA on OCT2 Transporter CAPRELSA increased plasma concentrations of metformin that is transported by the organic cation transporter type 2 (OCT2). Use caution and closely monitor for toxicities when administering CAPRELSA with drugs that are transported by OCT2 [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.3 Effect of CAPRELSA on Digoxin CAPRELSA increased plasma concentrations of digoxin. Use caution and closely monitor for toxicities when administering CAPRELSA with digoxin [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 7.4 Drugs that Prolong the QT Interval Avoid concomitant use of CAPRELSA with agents that may prolong the QT interval [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11) ] ."],"spl_medguide_table":["
This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.Revised: 1/2026
MEDICATION GUIDE CAPRELSA® (kap-rel-sah) (vandetanib) tablets
Read this Medication Guide before you start taking CAPRELSA and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment.
What is the most important information I should know about CAPRELSA? CAPRELSA can cause a change in the electrical activity of your heart called QT prolongation, which can cause irregular heartbeats and that may lead to death. You should not take CAPRELSA if you have had a condition called long QT syndrome since birth. Your healthcare provider should perform tests to check the levels of your blood potassium, calcium, magnesium, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), as well as the electrical activity of your heart with a test called an electrocardiogram (ECG). You should have these tests:Before starting CAPRELSARegularly during CAPRELSA treatment:2 to 4 weeks after starting CAPRELSA8 to 12 weeks after starting CAPRELSAevery 3 months thereafterif your healthcare provider changes your dose of CAPRELSAif you start taking medicine that causes QT prolongationas instructed by your healthcare providerYour healthcare provider may stop your CAPRELSA treatment for a while and restart you at a lower dose if you have QT prolongation. Call your healthcare provider right away if you feel faint, light-headed, or feel your heart beating irregularly during treatment with CAPRELSA. These may be symptoms related to QT prolongation. See "What are the possible side effects of CAPRELSA?" for more information about side effects.
What is CAPRELSA? CAPRELSA is a prescription medicine used to treat medullary thyroid cancer that cannot be removed by surgery or that has spread to other parts of the body. It takes a long time to get rid of CAPRELSA from your body and you may be at risk for side effects related to CAPRELSA after you have stopped your treatment. It is not known if CAPRELSA is safe and effective in children.
Who should not take CAPRELSA? Do not take CAPRELSA if you have QT prolongation.
Before you take CAPRELSA, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:have any heart problems, including a condition called congenital long QT syndromehave an irregular heartbeattake or have stopped taking a medicine that causes QT prolongationhave low blood levels of potassium, calcium, or magnesiumhave high blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormonehave high blood pressurehave skin problemshave a history of breathing problemshave a recent history of coughing up blood or bleedinghave diarrheahave liver problemshave kidney problemshave seizures or are being treated for seizureshave weak or soft bone problems (osteonecrosis), including osteonecrosis of the jawplan to have any surgery, a dental procedure or have had a recent surgery. You should stop taking CAPRELSA at least 1 month before a planned surgery or dental procedure. See "What are the possible side effects of CAPRELSA?"are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. CAPRELSA can cause harm to your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider if you become pregnant or think you might be pregnant during treatment with CAPRELSA. Females who are able to become pregnant:Your healthcare provider must do a pregnancy test before you begin treatment with CAPRELSA.You must use effective birth control (contraception) during your treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after your last dose of CAPRELSA.Talk to your healthcare provider about birth control methods that may be used during treatment with CAPRELSA. Males with female partners who are able to become pregnant:You must use effective birth control during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after your last dose of CAPRELSA. are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if CAPRELSA passes into your breast milk. Do not breastfeed during treatment and for 4 months after your last dose of CAPRELSA.Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. CAPRELSA and other medicines may affect each other causing side effects. Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take:St. John's wort. You should not take St. John's wort during treatment with CAPRELSAa medicine for your heartbisphosphonate medicines or denosumabAsk your healthcare provider if you are not sure if your medicine is one listed above. Do not take other medicines during treatment with CAPRELSA until you have talked with your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine.
How should I take CAPRELSA?Take CAPRELSA exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. Do not change your dose or stop taking CAPRELSA unless your healthcare provider tells you to.CAPRELSA may be taken with or without food.Swallow CAPRELSA tablets whole with water.Do not crush CAPRELSA tablets. If CAPRELSA tablets are accidentally crushed, contact with skin should be avoided. If contact occurs, wash affected areas well with water.If you cannot swallow CAPRELSA tablets whole:place your dose of CAPRELSA in a glass that contains 2 ounces of noncarbonated water (no other liquids should be used).stir the CAPRELSA tablet(s) and water mixture for about 10 minutes or until the tablet(s) are in very small pieces (the tablets will not completely dissolve).swallow CAPRELSA and water mixture right away.if any CAPRELSA and water mixture remains in the glass, mix with an additional 4 ounces of noncarbonated water and swallow the mixture to make sure that you take your full dose of CAPRELSA.If you miss a dose and your next dose is in:less than 12 hours, take your next dose at the normal time. Do not make up for the missed dose.12 hours or more, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Take the next dose at the normal time.Call your healthcare provider right away if you take too much CAPRELSA.Your healthcare provider should check your blood pressure regularly during your treatment with CAPRELSA.
What should I avoid while taking CAPRELSA? Limit exposure to the sun. CAPRELSA can make your skin sensitive to the sun. During treatment with CAPRELSA and for at least 4 months after stopping treatment with CAPRELSA, use sun block and wear clothes that cover your skin, including your head, arms, and legs when you go outdoors.Use caution before driving or using machinery. Keep in mind CAPRELSA may make you feel tired, or cause blurred vision.
What are the possible side effects of CAPRELSA? CAPRELSA may cause serious side effects, including:See "What is the most important information I should know about CAPRELSA?"Severe skin reactions. CAPRELSA can cause severe skin reactions that can lead to death, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or other serious skin reactions that may affect any part of your body. These severe skin reactions may be life threatening and you may need to be treated in a hospital. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:
skin rash or acnedry skinitchingblisters on your skinredness or swelling of your face, hands, or soles of your feetblisters or sores in your mouthpeeling of your skinfevermuscle or joint aches
Breathing problems (interstitial lung disease). CAPRELSA may cause a breathing problem called interstitial lung disease that can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you experience sudden or worsening shortness of breath, cough that does not go away (persistent) or fever.Stroke. Strokes have been reported in some people who have taken CAPRELSA and in some cases have caused death. Stop taking CAPRELSA and call your healthcare provider right away if you have symptoms of a stroke which may include:numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the bodysudden confusion, trouble speaking or understandingsudden trouble seeing in one or both eyessudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordinationsudden, severe headacheBleeding. CAPRELSA can cause serious bleeding that can lead to death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you have severe bleeding during treatment with CAPRELSA.Heart failure. CAPRELSA can cause heart failure that can lead to death. You may have to stop taking CAPRELSA if you have heart failure. Heart failure may not be reversible after stopping CAPRELSA. Your healthcare provider should monitor you for signs and symptoms of heart failure.Diarrhea. Diarrhea is common with CAPRELSA and can be severe. Your healthcare provider should check your blood levels to monitor your electrolytes more frequently if you have diarrhea. Tell your healthcare provider if you develop diarrhea during treatment with CAPRELSA.Thyroid hormones. You can have changes in your thyroid hormone during treatment with CAPRELSA. Your healthcare provider should monitor your thyroid hormone levels during treatment with CAPRELSA.High blood pressure (hypertension). If you develop high blood pressure or your high blood pressure gets worse, your healthcare provider may lower your dose of CAPRELSA or tell you to stop taking CAPRELSA until your blood pressure is under control. Your healthcare provider may prescribe another medicine to control your high blood pressure.Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS). A condition called reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome can happen while taking CAPRELSA. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms:
seizuresheadacheschanges in visionconfusionproblems thinking
Kidney problems. CAPRELSA may cause problems with your kidneys, including kidney failure.Wound healing problems. Wounds may not heal properly during CAPRELSA treatment. Tell your healthcare provider if you plan to have any surgery before starting or during treatment with CAPRELSA.You should stop taking CAPRELSA at least 1 month before planned surgery.Your healthcare provider should tell you when you may start taking CAPRELSA again after surgery.Bone problems (osteonecrosis). CAPRELSA may cause death of bone tissue in your jawbone. Your healthcare provider should examine your mouth before you start and during treatment with CAPRELSA. Tell your dentist that you are taking CAPRELSA. It is important for you to practice good mouth care during treatment with CAPRELSA. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any symptoms of jaw problems including jaw pain, toothache, loose teeth or sores on your gums.
The most common side effects of CAPRELSA include:
rashacnehigh blood pressurenauseaheadacheupper respiratory tract infectionsdecreased appetitestomach-area (abdominal) pain
Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all of the possible side effects of CAPRELSA. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
How should I store CAPRELSA?Store CAPRELSA tablets at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).Safely throw away medicine that is out of date or that you no longer need. Ask your pharmacist how to safely throw away CAPRELSA tablets.Keep CAPRELSA and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about the safe and effective use of CAPRELSA. Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use CAPRELSA for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give CAPRELSA to other people, even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about CAPRELSA that is written for health professionals.
What are the ingredients in CAPRELSA? Active ingredient: vandetanib Inactive ingredients:Tablet core: calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and povidoneTablet film-coat: hypromellose 2910, macrogol 300, and titanium dioxide E171Manufactured for: Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA 02141, A SANOFI COMPANY CAPRELSA is a registered trademark of Genzyme Corporation. ©2026 Genzyme Corporation. For more information, go to www.caprelsa.com or call 1-800-633-1610.
"],"mechanism_of_action":["12.1 Mechanism of Action In vitro studies have shown that vandetanib inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR and VEGFR families, RET, BRK, TIE2, and members of the EPH receptor and Src kinase families. These receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in both normal cellular function and pathologic processes such as oncogenesis, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and maintenance of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, the N-desmethyl metabolite of the drug, representing 7 to 17.1% of vandetanib exposure, has similar inhibitory activity to the parent compound for VEGF receptors (KDR and Flt-1) and EGFR. In vitro , vandetanib inhibited epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in tumor cells and endothelial cells and VEGF-stimulated tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in endothelial cells. In vivo , vandetanib administration reduced tumor cell-induced angiogenesis, tumor vessel permeability, and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models of cancer."],"recent_major_changes":["Warnings and Precautions ( 5.16 ) 05/2025"],"storage_and_handling":["16.1 Storage and Handling CAPRELSA tablets should be stored at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C); excursions permitted to 59°F–86°F (15°C-30°C) [See USP controlled room temperature]. Procedures for proper handling and disposal of anticancer drugs should be considered. A guideline on this subject has been published. 1 Do not crush CAPRELSA tablets."],"clinical_pharmacology":["12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12.1 Mechanism of Action In vitro studies have shown that vandetanib inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR and VEGFR families, RET, BRK, TIE2, and members of the EPH receptor and Src kinase families. These receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in both normal cellular function and pathologic processes such as oncogenesis, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and maintenance of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, the N-desmethyl metabolite of the drug, representing 7 to 17.1% of vandetanib exposure, has similar inhibitory activity to the parent compound for VEGF receptors (KDR and Flt-1) and EGFR. In vitro , vandetanib inhibited epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in tumor cells and endothelial cells and VEGF-stimulated tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in endothelial cells. In vivo , vandetanib administration reduced tumor cell-induced angiogenesis, tumor vessel permeability, and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models of cancer. 12.2 Pharmacodynamics Cardiac Electrophysiology In 231 patients with medullary thyroid cancer randomized to receive CAPRELSA 300 mg once daily in the phase 3 clinical trial. CAPRELSA was associated with sustained plasma concentration-dependent QT prolongation. Based on the exposure-response relationship, the mean (90% CI) QTcF change from baseline (ΔQTcF) was 35 (33–36) ms for the 300 mg dose. The ΔQTcF remained above 30 ms for the duration of the trial (up to 2 years). In addition, 36% of patients experienced greater than 60 ms increase in ΔQTcF and 4.3% of patients had QTcF greater than 500 ms. Cases of Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) , (5.11) ] . 12.3 Pharmacokinetics A population pharmacokinetic analysis of CAPRELSA was conducted in 231 patients with MTC following oral administration of 300 mg daily doses. The pharmacokinetics of CAPRELSA at the 300 mg dose in MTC patients are characterized by a mean clearance of approximately 13.2 L/h, a mean volume of distribution of approximately 7450 L, and a median plasma half-life of 19 days. Absorption Following oral administration of CAPRELSA, absorption is slow with peak plasma concentrations typically achieved at a median of 6 hours, range 4 to 10 hours, after dosing. Vandetanib accumulates approximately 8-fold on multiple dosing with steady state achieved in approximately 3 months. Exposure to vandetanib is unaffected by food. Distribution Vandetanib binds to human serum albumin and α1-acid-glycoprotein with in vitro protein binding being approximately 90%. In ex vivo plasma samples from colorectal cancer patients at steady state exposure after 300 mg once daily, the mean percentage protein binding was 94%. Metabolism Following oral dosing of 14 C-vandetanib, unchanged vandetanib and metabolites vandetanib N-oxide and N-desmethyl vandetanib were detected in plasma, urine and feces. A glucuronide conjugate was seen as a minor metabolite in excreta only. N-desmethyl-vandetanib is primarily produced by CYP3A4 and vandetanib-N-oxide by flavin-containing monooxygenase enzymes FMO1 and FMO3. N-desmethyl-vandetanib and vandetanib-N-oxide circulate at concentrations of approximately 7–17% and 1.4–2.2%, respectively, of those of vandetanib. Excretion Within a 21-day collection period after a single dose of 14 C-vandetanib, approximately 69% was recovered with 44% in feces and 25% in urine. Excretion of the dose was slow and further excretion beyond 21 days would be expected based on the plasma half-life. Vandetanib was not a substrate of hOCT2 expressed in HEK293 cells. Vandetanib inhibits the uptake of the selective OCT2 marker substrate 14 C-creatinine by HEK-OCT2 cells, with a mean IC 50 of 2.1 μg/mL. This is higher than vandetanib plasma concentrations (0.81 μg/mL) observed after multiple dosing at 300 mg. Inhibition of renal excretion of creatinine by vandetanib provides an explanation for increases in plasma creatinine seen in human subjects receiving vandetanib. Specific Populations Effects of age and gender In a population pharmacokinetic evaluation in cancer patients, no relationship was apparent between oral clearance of vandetanib and patient age or gender. Ethnicity Based on a cross-study comparison in a limited number of patients, Japanese (N=3) and Chinese (N=7) patients had average exposures of vandetanib that were higher than Caucasian (N=7) patients receiving the same dose of CAPRELSA. Pediatric The pharmacokinetics of vandetanib has not been evaluated in pediatric patients. Effect of renal impairment The pharmacokinetics of vandetanib were evaluated after a single CAPRELSA dose of 800 mg in six subjects with mild (creatinine clearance = 50 to <80 mL/min), eight subjects with moderate (creatinine clearance ≥30 to <50 mL/min), six subjects with severe (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) renal impairment and ten subjects with normal (creatinine clearance >80 mL/min) renal function. Subjects with mild renal impairment had a comparable mean AUC of vandetanib to that with normal renal function. In subjects with moderate or severe renal impairment, the average AUC of vandetanib increased by 39% and 41%, respectively, compared to patients with normal renal function [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Warnings and Precautions (5.12) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] . Drug Interactions Effect of other drugs on CAPRELSA Strong CYP3A4 inducers: In a cross-over study in 12 healthy volunteers, a single oral 300 mg dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone on day 1 and on day 10 in combination with daily doses of 600 mg of rifampicin (a strong CYP3A4 inducer) given on days 1 to 31. The coadministration of rifampicin with CAPRELSA decreased the geometric mean AUC 0–504h of vandetanib by 40% (90% confidence interval (CI): 56%, 63%) compared to vandetanib alone. No clinically meaningful change in the mean C max of vandetanib was observed. The geometric mean AUC 0–504h and C max of N-desmethylvandetanib increased by 266% and 414%, respectively, in the presence of rifampicin compared with vandetanib alone [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ] . Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors: In a cross-over study in 14 healthy volunteers, a single oral 300 mg dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone and on day 4 in combination with daily doses of 200 mg of itraconazole (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) given on days 1 to 24. No change was observed in the geometric mean AUC 0–504h or C max of vandetanib when itraconazole was coadministered with CAPRELSA. Gastric pH elevating agents: In a cross-over study of 14 healthy volunteers, a single oral 300 mg dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone and in combination with five daily doses of 40 mg omeprazole (a proton pump inhibitor). No clinically meaningful change was observed in the geometric mean AUC 0–504h and C max of vandetanib when omeprazole was coadministered with CAPRELSA. In a cross-over study of 16 healthy volunteers, a single 300 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA was administered alone and after two oral doses of 150 mg of ranitidine (a H 2 receptor antagonist) administered about 12 hours apart. No change was observed in the geometric mean AUC 0–504h and C max of vandetanib when ranitidine was coadministered with CAPRELSA. Effect of CAPRELSA on other drugs Sensitive CYP3A4 substrates: In a cross-over study of 16 healthy volunteers, a single oral 7.5 mg dose of midazolam (as 2 mg/mL oral syrup), a sensitive CYP3A4 substrate, was administered alone and 8 days after receiving a single 800 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA. No change was observed in the geometric mean C max and AUC inf of midazolam when CAPRELSA was coadministered with midazolam. Substrates of OCT2 transporter: In a cross-over study of 13 healthy volunteers, a single 1000 mg oral dose of metformin, a substrate of OCT2, was administered alone and 3 hours after receiving a single 800 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA. The coadministration of CAPRELSA with metformin increased the geometric mean AUC inf of metformin by 74% (90% CI: 58%, 92%) and geometric mean C max of metformin by 50% (90% CI: 34%, 67%) compared to metformin alone [see Drug Interactions (7.2) ] . Substrates of P-glycoprotein transporter: In a cross-over study of 14 healthy volunteers, a single oral 0.25 mg dose of digoxin, a substrate of P-glycoprotein, was administered alone and in combination with a single 300 mg oral dose of CAPRELSA. The coadministration of CAPRELSA increased the geometric mean C max digoxin by 29% (90% CI: 10%, 52%) and the geometric mean of AUC 0–t of digoxin by 23% (90% CI: 12%, 34%) compared to digoxin alone [see Drug Interactions (7.3) ] ."],"indications_and_usage":["1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE CAPRELSA is indicated for the treatment of symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease. Use CAPRELSA in patients with indolent, asymptomatic or slowly progressing disease only after careful consideration of the treatment related risks of CAPRELSA. CAPRELSA is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease. ( 1 ) Use CAPRELSA in patients with indolent, asymptomatic or slowly progressing disease only after careful consideration of the treatment related risks of CAPRELSA. ( 1 )"],"warnings_and_cautions":["5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Prolonged QT interval, torsades de pointes, and sudden death: Monitor electrocardiograms and levels of serum potassium, calcium, magnesium and TSH. Reduce CAPRELSA dose as appropriate. ( 2.1 , 5.1 ) Severe skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, some fatal. Discontinue CAPRELSA for severe skin reactions. ( 2.1 , 5.2 ) Interstitial lung disease (ILD), including fatalities: investigate unexplained non-specific respiratory signs and symptoms. Discontinue CAPRELSA for confirmed ILD. ( 2.1 , 5.3 ) Ischemic cerebrovascular events, hemorrhage, heart failure, diarrhea, hypertension, and reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: Discontinue or interrupt CAPRELSA. ( 2.1 , 5.4 , 5.5 , 5.6 , 5.7 , 5.9 , 5.10 ) Impaired wound healing: Withhold for at least 1 month prior to elective surgery. Do not administer CAPRELSA for at least 2 weeks following major surgery and until adequate wound healing. The safety of resumption of treatment with CAPRELSA after resolution of wound healing complications has not been established. ( 5.14 ) Embryo-fetal toxicity: Can cause fetal harm. Advise women of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use effective contraception. ( 5.15 , 8.1 ) Osteonecrosis, including osteonecrosis of the jaw: Withhold CAPRELSA for 1 month prior to scheduled dental surgery and permanently discontinue if osteonecrosis occurs ( 5.16 , 6.2 ). 5.1 QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes CAPRELSA can prolong the QT interval in a concentration-dependent manner [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2) ] . Torsades de pointes, ventricular tachycardia and sudden deaths have occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Do not start CAPRELSA treatment in patients whose QTcF interval is greater than 450 ms. Do not administer CAPRELSA to patients who have a history of Torsades de pointes, congenital long QT syndrome, bradyarrhythmias or uncompensated heart failure. CAPRELSA has not been studied in patients with ventricular arrhythmias or recent myocardial infarction. Vandetanib exposure is increased in patients with impaired renal function. Reduce the starting dose to 200 mg in patients with moderate renal impairment and monitor QT interval frequently. Obtain an ECG and serum potassium, calcium, magnesium and TSH at baseline, 2 to 4 weeks and 8 to 12 weeks after starting treatment with CAPRELSA, and every 3 months thereafter. Monitor electrolytes and ECGs more frequently in patients who experience diarrhea. Following any dose reduction for QT prolongation or any dose interruption greater than 2 weeks, conduct QT assessments as described above. Maintain serum potassium levels of 4 mEq/L or higher (within normal range) and maintain serum magnesium and calcium levels within normal ranges to reduce the risk of QT prolongation. Avoid using CAPRELSA with drugs known to prolong the QT interval [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11) and Drug Interactions (7.4) ] . If such drugs are given to patients already receiving CAPRELSA and no alternative therapy exists, perform ECG monitoring of the QT interval more frequently. Stop CAPRELSA in patients who develop a QTcF greater than 500 ms until the QTcF returns to less than 450 ms. Dosing of CAPRELSA can then be resumed at a reduced dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . 5.2 Severe Skin Reactions Severe and sometimes fatal skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, have occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Permanently discontinue CAPRELSA for severe skin reactions and refer the patient for urgent medical evaluation. Systemic therapies such as corticosteroids may be required. Photosensitivity reactions can occur during CAPRELSA treatment and up to 4 months after treatment discontinuation. 5.3 Interstitial Lung Disease Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) or pneumonitis, including fatalities, has occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Consider a diagnosis of ILD in patients presenting with non-specific respiratory signs and symptoms. Interrupt CAPRELSA for acute or worsening pulmonary symptoms. Discontinue CAPRELSA if ILD is confirmed. 5.4 Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events Ischemic cerebrovascular events, including fatalities, occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. In the randomized medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) study, ischemic cerebrovascular events occurred more frequently with CAPRELSA compared to placebo (1.3% compared to 0%). The safety of resumption of CAPRELSA therapy after resolution of an ischemic cerebrovascular event has not been studied. Discontinue CAPRELSA in patients who experience a severe ischemic cerebrovascular event. 5.5 Hemorrhage Serious hemorrhagic events, including fatalities, occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Do not administer CAPRELSA to patients with a recent history of hemoptysis of ≥1/2 teaspoon of red blood. Discontinue CAPRELSA in patients with severe hemorrhage. 5.6 Heart Failure Heart failure, including fatalities, occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Monitor for signs and symptoms of heart failure. Consider discontinuation of CAPRELSA in patients with heart failure. Heart failure may not be reversible upon stopping CAPRELSA. 5.7 Diarrhea Diarrhea of Grade 3 or greater severity occurred in 11% of patients receiving CAPRELSA in the randomized MTC study. If diarrhea occurs, carefully monitor serum electrolytes and ECGs to reduce the risk and enable early detection of QT prolongation resulting from dehydration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Interrupt CAPRELSA for severe diarrhea. Upon improvement, resume CAPRELSA at a reduced dose [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . 5.8 Hypothyroidism In the randomized MTC study in which 90% of the patients enrolled had prior thyroidectomy, increased dosing of thyroid replacement therapy was required in 49% of CAPRELSA-treated patients compared to 17% of placebo-treated patients. Obtain Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) at baseline, at 2 to 4 weeks and 8 to 12 weeks after starting treatment with CAPRELSA, and every 3 months thereafter. If signs or symptoms of hypothyroidism occur, examine thyroid hormone levels and adjust thyroid replacement therapy accordingly. 5.9 Hypertension Hypertension, including hypertensive crisis, has occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Monitor all patients for hypertension. Dose reduction or interruption for hypertension may be necessary. If hypertension cannot be controlled, do not resume CAPRELSA [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . 5.10 Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), a syndrome of subcortical vasogenic edema diagnosed by an MRI of the brain, has occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Consider this syndrome in any patient presenting with seizures, headache, visual disturbances, confusion or altered mental function. In clinical studies, three of four patients who developed RPLS while taking CAPRELSA also had hypertension. Discontinue CAPRELSA treatment in patients with RPLS. 5.11 Drug Interactions Avoid administration of CAPRELSA with anti-arrhythmic drugs (including but not limited to amiodarone, disopyramide, procainamide, sotalol, dofetilide) and other drugs that may prolong the QT interval (including but not limited to chloroquine, clarithromycin, dolasetron, granisetron, haloperidol, methadone, moxifloxacin, and pimozide) [see Drug Interactions (7.4) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.2) ] . 5.12 Renal Failure Renal failure occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ]. Withhold, reduce the dose or permanently discontinue based on severity [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . Vandetanib exposure is increased in patients with impaired renal function. Reduce the starting dose to 200 mg in patients with moderate renal impairment and monitor the QT interval closely [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . Vandetanib is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment (clearance below 30 mL/min). There is no information available for patients with end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis [see Boxed Warning , Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . 5.13 Hepatic Impairment CAPRELSA is not recommended for use in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment, as safety and efficacy have not been established [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . 5.14 Impaired Wound Healing Impaired wound healing can occur in patients who receive drugs that inhibit the VEGF signaling pathway. Impaired wound healing has occurred in patients treated with CAPRELSA. Withhold CAPRELSA for at least 1 month prior to elective surgery. Do not administer CAPRELSA for at least 2 weeks following major surgery and until adequate wound healing. The safety of resumption of treatment with CAPRELSA after resolution of wound healing complications has not been established. 5.15 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, CAPRELSA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In rats, vandetanib was embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and induced fetal malformations at exposures equivalent to or lower than those expected at the 300 mg clinical dose and had adverse effects on female fertility, embryofetal development, and postnatal development of pups. Advise patients of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) , (8.3) ] . 5.16 Osteonecrosis Osteonecrosis, including osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), has occurred during treatment with CAPRELSA. Concomitant exposure to other risk factors, such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, dental disease or invasive dental procedures, may increase the risk of ONJ. Perform an oral examination prior to and periodically during treatment with CAPRELSA. Advise patients regarding good oral hygiene practices. Avoid invasive dental procedures while on CAPRELSA treatment, particularly in patients at higher risk. Withhold CAPRELSA for at least one month prior to scheduled dental surgery or invasive dental procedures. Permanently discontinue CAPRELSA if ONJ develops. [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] ."],"clinical_studies_table":["
Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier Curves for Progression Free Survival in Study D4200C00058
","
Table 3: Efficacy Results in Study D4200C00058
Vandetanib 300 mg (N=231)Placebo (N=100)
Progression Free Survival
Events (%)59 (26.0)41 (41.0)
Median, monthsNRNot reached16.4
(95% CI)(22.6, NENot estimable)(8.3, 19.7)
Hazard Ratio (95% CI)0.35 (0.24, 0.53)
p-value<0.0001
Overall Survival
Deaths (%)116 (50.2)52 (52.0)
Median, months81.680.4
(95% CI)(64.6, 98.5)(52.5, NE)
Hazard Ratio (95% CI)0.99 (0.72, 1.38)
p-value0.975
"],"nonclinical_toxicology":["13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Vandetanib was not carcinogenic in a 2-year study in rats when administered by daily oral gavage at doses of up to 10 mg/kg (0.7 times the human C max at the 300 mg clinical dose), or in the Tg∙RasH2 mouse when administered by daily oral gavage at doses of up to 30 mg/kg (~5 times the human C max at the clinical dose of 300 mg) for 26 weeks. Vandetanib was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay and was not clastogenic in either the in vitro cytogenetic assay using human lymphocytes or in the in vivo rat micronucleus assay. Based on nonclinical findings, male and female fertility may be impaired by treatment with CAPRELSA. In a fertility study of male rats, vandetanib had no effect on copulation or fertility rate when untreated females were mated with males administered 1, 5, or 20 mg/kg/day of vandetanib (approximately 0.03, 0.22, or 0.40 times, respectively, the human exposure based on area under the curve (AUC) in patients with cancer at the 300 mg clinical dose); however, in the same study there was a slight decrease in the number of live embryos in females mated with males treated at the 20 mg/kg/day dose level and an increase in preimplantation loss in females mated with males administered vandetanib at doses of ≥5 mg/kg/day. In a female fertility study, there was a trend towards increased estrus cycle irregularity, a slight reduction in pregnancy incidence and an increase in implantation loss. In a one-month repeat-dose toxicity study in rats, there was a decrease in the number of corpora lutea in the ovaries of rats administered 75 mg/kg/day vandetanib (approximately 1.8 times the human exposure based on AUC at the 300 mg clinical dose). 13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology In an animal model of wound-healing, mice dosed with vandetanib had reduced skin-breaking strength compared with controls. This suggests that CAPRELSA slows but does not prevent wound healing. The appropriate interval between discontinuation of CAPRELSA and subsequent elective surgery required to avoid the risks of impaired wound healing has not been determined."],"adverse_reactions_table":["
Table 1: Per-Patient Incidence of Selected Adverse Reactions Occurring at a Higher Incidence in CAPRELSA-Treated Patients During Randomized Treatment (Between-Arm Difference of ≥5% [All Grades]CTCAE version 3 was used to grade adverse events.)
System Organ ClassCAPRELSA 300 mgPlacebo
Preferred TermN=231N=99
All Grades (%)Grade 3 or 4 (%)All Grades (%)Grade 3 or 4 (%)
Gastrointestinal Disorders
Diarrhea/Colitis5711272
Nausea331160
Abdominal PainIncludes abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, lower abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort.213110
Vomiting15170
Dyspepsia11040
Dry Mouth9030
Skin and Cutaneous Disorders
RashIncludes rash, rash (erythematous, generalized, macular, maculopapular, papular, pruritic, and exfoliative), dermatitis, dermatitis bullous, generalized erythema, and eczema.535120
Dermatitis Acneiform/Acne35170
Dry Skin15050
Photosensitivity Reaction13200
Pruritus11140
Nail abnormalitiesIncludes nail disorder, nail bed inflammation, nail bed tenderness, paronychia, nail bed infection, and nail infection.9000
Alopecia8N/A0N/A
Vascular Disorders
Hypertension/Hypertensive Crisis/Accelerated Hypertension33951
Nervous System Disorders
Headache26190
Dysgeusia8030
General Disorders
FatigueIncluded in Table 1 due to the increased incidence of severe fatigue in the CAPRELSA group compared to the placebo group.246231
Infections
Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionsIncludes laryngitis, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection, acute sinusitis, rhinitis, and tracheitis.230160
Metabolic and Nutritional Disorders
Decreased Appetite214120
Hypocalcemia11230
Investigations
ECG QT Prolonged69% had QT prolongation >450 ms and 7% had QT prolongation >500 ms by ECG using Fridericia correction.14811
Eye Disorders
Corneal AbnormalitiesIncludes corneal edema, corneal opacity, corneal dystrophy, corneal pigmentation, keratopathy, arcus lipoides, corneal deposits, and acquired corneal dystrophy.13010
Blurred Vision9010
Renal Disorders
Proteinuria10020
Psychiatric Disorders
Depression10230
Endocrine Disorders
Hypothyroidism6000
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Muscle Spasms6010
","
Table 2: Per-Patient Incidence of Selected Laboratory Abnormalities in Patients with MTC Occurring at a Higher Incidence in CAPRELSA-Treated Patients (Between-Arm Difference of ≥5% [All Grades]CTCAE version 3 was used to grade laboratory abnormalities.)
Laboratory AbnormalitiesCAPRELSA 300 mg N=231Placebo N=99
All Grades (%)Grade 3 or 4 (%)All Grades (%)Grade 3 or 4 (%)
Chemistries
Hypocalcemia576253
ALT Increased512190
Hypoglycemia24071
Creatinine Increased16010
Hypomagnesemia7<120
Hematologic
Neutropenia10<152
Thrombocytopenia9030
"],"information_for_patients":["17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide). QT Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider in the event of syncope, pre-syncopal symptoms, and cardiac palpitations. Advise patients that their healthcare provider will monitor their electrolytes and ECGs during treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Severe Skin Reactions Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider in the event of skin reactions or rash [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Advise patients to contact their health care provider in the event of sudden onset or worsening of breathlessness, persistent cough or fever [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Diarrhea Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider in the event of diarrhea [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] . Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (RPLS) Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider in the event of seizures, headaches, visual disturbances, confusion or difficulty thinking [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) ] . Impaired Wound Healing Advise patients that CAPRELSA may impair wound healing. Advise patients to inform their healthcare provider of any planned surgical procedure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.14) ] . Osteonecrosis Advise patients regarding good oral hygiene practices and to have preventive dentistry performed prior to treatment with CAPRELSA and throughout treatment with CAPRELSA and to inform their healthcare provider of any planned dental procedures. Advise patients to immediately contact their healthcare provider for signs or symptoms associated with osteonecrosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.16) ] . Embryo-Fetal Toxicity Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females to contact their healthcare provider if they become pregnant, or if pregnancy is suspected, during treatment with CAPRELSA [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) , (8.3) ] . Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) ] . Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.3) ] . Lactation Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2) ] . Photosensitivity Advise patients to use appropriate sun protection due to the increased susceptibility to sunburn while taking CAPRELSA and for at least 4 months after drug discontinuation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] . Administration Advise patients that CAPRELSA can be taken with or without food and not to crush CAPRELSA tablets [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] ."],"spl_unclassified_section":["Manufactured for: Genzyme Corporation Cambridge, MA 02141 A SANOFI COMPANY CAPRELSA is a registered trademark of Genzyme Corporation. ©2026 Genzyme Corporation. For patent information: https://www.sanofi.us/en/products-and-resources/patents"],"dosage_and_administration":["2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The recommended dose of CAPRELSA is 300 mg taken orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs. CAPRELSA may be taken with or without food. Do not take a missed dose within 12 hours of the next dose. Do not crush CAPRELSA tablets. The tablets can be dispersed in 2 ounces of water by stirring for approximately 10 minutes (will not completely dissolve). Do not use other liquids for dispersion. Swallow immediately after dispersion. Mix any remaining residue with 4 additional ounces of water and swallow. The dispersion can also be administered through nasogastric or gastrostomy tubes. 300 mg once daily. ( 2 ) CAPRELSA may be taken with or without food. ( 2 ) Dosage reduction may be necessary in the event of severe toxicities or QTc interval prolongation. ( 2.1 ) The starting dose is 200 mg in patients with moderate renal impairment. ( 2.1 ) 2.1 Dosage Adjustment For Adverse Reactions The 300 mg daily dose can be reduced to 200 mg (two 100 mg tablets) and then to 100 mg for Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade 3 or greater toxicities. Interrupt CAPRELSA for the following: Corrected QT interval, Fridericia (QTcF) greater than 500 ms: Resume at a reduced dose when the QTcF returns to less than 450 ms. CTCAE Grade 3 or greater toxicity: Resume at a reduced dose when the toxicity resolves or improves to CTCAE Grade 1. For recurrent toxicities, reduce the dose of CAPRELSA to 100 mg after resolution or improvement to CTCAE Grade 1 severity, if continued treatment is warranted. Adverse events including QT interval prolongation should be monitored closely as they may not resolve fully until approximately three plasma half-lives of the drug. Monitor appropriately [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) , (5.2) , (5.3) , (5.4) , (5.5) , (5.6) , (5.7) , and (5.9) ] . For Patients with Renal Impairment Reduce the starting dose to 200 mg in patients with moderate (creatinine clearance ≥30 to <50 mL/min) renal impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] . For Patients with Hepatic Impairment CAPRELSA is not recommended for use in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7) ] ."],"spl_product_data_elements":["CAPRELSA Vandetanib VANDETANIB VANDETANIB DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE CROSPOVIDONE (120 .MU.M) POVIDONE, UNSPECIFIED MAGNESIUM STEARATE HYPROMELLOSE, UNSPECIFIED TITANIUM DIOXIDE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 biconvex Z;100 CAPRELSA Vandetanib VANDETANIB VANDETANIB DIBASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE CROSPOVIDONE (120 .MU.M) POVIDONE, UNSPECIFIED MAGNESIUM STEARATE HYPROMELLOSE, UNSPECIFIED TITANIUM DIOXIDE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL 300 biconvex Z;300"],"dosage_forms_and_strengths":["3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS CAPRELSA 100 mg tablets are white, round, biconvex, film-coated, and intagliated with 'Z 100' on one side and plain on the reverse side. CAPRELSA 300 mg tablets are white, oval, biconvex, film-coated, and intagliated with 'Z 300' on one side and plain on the reverse side. 100 mg and 300 mg tablets ( 3 )"],"recent_major_changes_table":["
Warnings and Precautions (5.16)05/2025
"],"use_in_specific_populations":["8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, CAPRELSA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no available human data on CAPRELSA use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk. Vandetanib is embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and induced fetal malformations in rats at exposures less than or equal to those expected at the recommended human dose of 300 mg/day. Advise patients of the potential risk to a fetus. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal data In reproductive toxicity studies, administration of vandetanib to female rats prior to mating and through the first week of pregnancy at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day (approximately equal to the human exposure at the 300 mg clinical dose based on C max ), there were increases in pre-implantation loss and post-implantation loss resulting in a reduction in the number of live embryos. During organogenesis, vandetanib caused an increase in post-implantation loss, including occasional total litter loss at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day. At doses greater than 10 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.4 times the human C max at the 300 mg clinical dose) treatment with vandetanib resulted in increases in late embryofetal death and decreases in fetal birth weight. A no-effect level for malformations was not identified in this study. Administration of vandetanib at doses greater than or equal to 1 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.03 times the human C max at the 300 mg clinical dose) resulted in dose dependent increases in both malformations of the heart vessels and skeletal variations including delayed ossification of the skull, vertebrae, and sternum, indicating delayed fetal development. In a rat prenatal and postnatal development study, at doses (1 and 10 mg/kg/day) producing mild maternal toxicity during gestation and/or lactation, vandetanib decreased pup survival and reduced postnatal pup growth. Reduced postnatal pup growth was associated with a delay in physical development. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary There are no data on the presence of vandetanib or its metabolites in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child or on milk production. Vandetanib was present in the milk of lactating rats (see Data ) . Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions from CAPRELSA in breastfed children, advise lactating women not to breastfeed during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose. Data Animal data In nonclinical studies, vandetanib was excreted in rat milk and found in plasma of pups following dosing to lactating rats. Vandetanib transfer in breast milk resulted in relatively constant exposure in pups due to the long half-life of the drug. 8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential Pregnancy Testing Verify the pregnancy status of females of reproductive potential prior to initiating treatment with CAPRELSA [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Contraception CAPRELSA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1) ] . Females Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose. Males Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with CAPRELSA and for 4 months after the last dose. Infertility There are no data on the effect of CAPRELSA on human fertility. Results from animal studies indicate that vandetanib can impair male and female fertility [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.1) ] . 8.4 Pediatric Use Safety and efficacy of CAPRELSA in pediatric patients have not been established. 8.5 Geriatric Use The MTC study of CAPRELSA did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently compared to younger patients. 8.6 Renal Impairment Vandetanib exposure is increased in patients with impaired renal function. Reduce the starting dose to 200 mg in patients with moderate (creatinine clearance ≥30 to <50 mL/min) renal impairment [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) , Warnings and Precautions (5.12) , and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . Vandetanib is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment (clearance below 30 mL/min) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12) ] . Patients with end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis were not studied [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . 8.7 Hepatic Impairment The pharmacokinetics of CAPRELSA were evaluated after a single dose of 800 mg in subjects with mild (n=8), moderate (n=7), and severe (n=6) hepatic impairment and normal hepatic function (n=5). Subjects with mild (Child-Pugh class A), moderate (Child-Pugh class B), and severe (Child-Pugh class C) hepatic impairment had comparable mean AUC and clearance values to those with normal hepatic function. There are limited data in patients with liver impairment (serum bilirubin greater than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal). CAPRELSA is not recommended for use in patients with moderate and severe hepatic impairment, as safety and efficacy have not been established [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) and Warnings and Precautions (5.13) ] ."],"animal_pharmacology_and_or_toxicology":["13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology In an animal model of wound-healing, mice dosed with vandetanib had reduced skin-breaking strength compared with controls. This suggests that CAPRELSA slows but does not prevent wound healing. The appropriate interval between discontinuation of CAPRELSA and subsequent elective surgery required to avoid the risks of impaired wound healing has not been determined."],"package_label_principal_display_panel":["PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 100 mg Tablet Bottle Carton NDC 58468-7820-3 Rx only Caprelsa ® (vandetanib) tablets 100 mg Dispense enclosed medication guide to each patient. 30 Tablets PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 100 mg Tablet Bottle Carton","PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 300 mg Tablet Bottle Carton NDC 58468-7840-3 Rx only Caprelsa ® (vandetanib) tablets 300 mg Dispense enclosed medication guide to each patient. 30 Tablets PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL - 300 mg Tablet Bottle Carton"],"carcinogenesis_and_mutagenesis_and_impairment_of_fertility":["13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility Vandetanib was not carcinogenic in a 2-year study in rats when administered by daily oral gavage at doses of up to 10 mg/kg (0.7 times the human C max at the 300 mg clinical dose), or in the Tg∙RasH2 mouse when administered by daily oral gavage at doses of up to 30 mg/kg (~5 times the human C max at the clinical dose of 300 mg) for 26 weeks. Vandetanib was not mutagenic in vitro in the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay and was not clastogenic in either the in vitro cytogenetic assay using human lymphocytes or in the in vivo rat micronucleus assay. Based on nonclinical findings, male and female fertility may be impaired by treatment with CAPRELSA. In a fertility study of male rats, vandetanib had no effect on copulation or fertility rate when untreated females were mated with males administered 1, 5, or 20 mg/kg/day of vandetanib (approximately 0.03, 0.22, or 0.40 times, respectively, the human exposure based on area under the curve (AUC) in patients with cancer at the 300 mg clinical dose); however, in the same study there was a slight decrease in the number of live embryos in females mated with males treated at the 20 mg/kg/day dose level and an increase in preimplantation loss in females mated with males administered vandetanib at doses of ≥5 mg/kg/day. In a female fertility study, there was a trend towards increased estrus cycle irregularity, a slight reduction in pregnancy incidence and an increase in implantation loss. In a one-month repeat-dose toxicity study in rats, there was a decrease in the number of corpora lutea in the ovaries of rats administered 75 mg/kg/day vandetanib (approximately 1.8 times the human exposure based on AUC at the 300 mg clinical dose)."]},"tags":[{"label":"Kinase Inhibitor","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2","category":"target"},{"label":"RIPK2","category":"gene"},{"label":"EGFR","category":"gene"},{"label":"ABL1","category":"gene"},{"label":"L01EX04","category":"atc"},{"label":"Oral","category":"route"},{"label":"Tablet","category":"form"},{"label":"LOE Approaching","category":"status"},{"label":"Carcinoma of thyroid","category":"indication"},{"label":"Medullary thyroid carcinoma","category":"indication"},{"label":"Genzyme Corp","category":"company"},{"label":"Approved 2010s","category":"decade"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"boxedWarnings":["WARNING: QT PROLONGATION, TORSADES DE POINTES, AND SUDDEN DEATH CAPRELSA can prolong the QT interval. Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred in patients receiving CAPRELSA. Do not use CAPRELSA in patients with hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or long QT syndrome. Correct hypocalcemia, hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia prior to CAPRELSA administration. Monitor electrolytes periodically. Avoid drugs known to prolong the QT interval [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . WARNING: QT PROLONGATION, TORSADES DE POINTES, AND SUDDEN DEATH See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. CAPRELSA can prolong the QT interval. Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred in patients receiving CAPRELSA. Do not use CAPRELSA in patients with hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or long QT syndrome. Correct hypocalcemia, hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia prior to CAPRELSA administration. Monitor electrolytes periodically. Avoid drugs known to prolong the QT interval ( 5.1 )."],"safetySignals":[{"date":"","signal":"DIARRHOEA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"323 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"FATIGUE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"170 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"RASH","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"168 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"ELECTROCARDIOGRAM QT PROLONGED","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"142 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"HYPERTENSION","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"111 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"NAUSEA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"106 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"ACNE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"95 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"DISEASE PROGRESSION","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"80 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"BLOOD PRESSURE INCREASED","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"77 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"DYSPNOEA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"76 reports"}],"drugInteractions":[{"url":"/drug/high-risk-qt-prolonging-agents","drug":"High Risk QT Prolonging Agents","action":"Avoid combination","effect":"Highest Risk QTc-Prolonging Agents may enhance the QTc-prolonging effect of other Highest Risk QTc-Prolonging Agents","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"high-risk-qt-prolonging-agents"},{"url":"/drug/p-glycoprotein-substrates","drug":"P-glycoprotein Substrates","action":"Use caution","effect":"P-glycoprotein Inhibitors - P-glycoprotein Substrates","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"p-glycoprotein-substrates"},{"url":"/drug/abarelix","drug":"abarelix","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Abarelix","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"abarelix"},{"url":"/drug/apomorphine","drug":"apomorphine","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Apomorphine","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"apomorphine"},{"url":"/drug/arsenic-trioxide","drug":"arsenic trioxide","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Arsenic Trioxide","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"arsenic-trioxide"},{"url":"/drug/astemizole","drug":"astemizole","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Astemizole","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"astemizole"},{"url":"/drug/carbamazepine","drug":"carbamazepine","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Carbamazepine","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"carbamazepine"},{"url":"/drug/chloroquine","drug":"chloroquine","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Chloroquine","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"chloroquine"},{"url":"/drug/chlorpromazine","drug":"chlorpromazine","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Chlorpromazine","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"chlorpromazine"},{"url":"/drug/clarithromycin","drug":"clarithromycin","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Clarithromycin","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"clarithromycin"},{"url":"/drug/dasatinib","drug":"dasatinib","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Dasatinib","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"dasatinib"},{"url":"/drug/dexamethasone","drug":"dexamethasone","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Dexamethasone","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"dexamethasone"},{"url":"/drug/dofetilide","drug":"dofetilide","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Dofetilide","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"dofetilide"},{"url":"/drug/domperidone","drug":"domperidone","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Domperidone","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"domperidone"},{"url":"/drug/erythromycin","drug":"erythromycin","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Erythromycin","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"erythromycin"},{"url":"/drug/fosphenytoin","drug":"fosphenytoin","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Fosphenytoin 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syndrome","Pregnancy, function","Prolonged QT interval","Severe diarrhea","Significant Bleeding","Torsades de pointes"],"specialPopulations":{"Pregnancy":"CAPRELSA can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant woman. Vandetanib is embryotoxic, fetotoxic, and induced fetal malformations in rats at exposures less than or equal to those expected at the recommended human dose of 300 mg/day. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to fetus.In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.","Geriatric use":"The MTC study of CAPRELSA did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and over to determine whether they respond differently compared to younger patients.","Paediatric use":"Safety and efficacy of CAPRELSA in pediatric patients have not been established."}},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"Sanofi","patents":[{"applNo":"N022405","source":"FDA Orange Book","status":"Active","expires":"Aug 8, 2028","useCode":"","territory":"US","drugProduct":true,"patentNumber":"8067427","drugSubstance":false}],"pricing":[],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=VANDETANIB","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:37.548789+00:00"},"patents":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Orange Book","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_orange_book","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:35.801385+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:45.422986+00:00"},"regulatory.eu":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"European Medicines Agency","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ema_api","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:37.570605+00:00"},"regulatory.us":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA Drugs@FDA","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_drugsfda","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:34.335643+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=VANDETANIB","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:46.339942+00:00"},"mechanism.drugClass":{"url":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/label.json","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label (EPC)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:33.063776+00:00"},"administration.route":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:33.063823+00:00"},"safety.boxedWarnings":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label (boxed_warning)","rawText":"WARNING: QT PROLONGATION, TORSADES DE POINTES, AND SUDDEN DEATH CAPRELSA can prolong the QT interval. Torsades de pointes and sudden death have occurred in patients receiving CAPRELSA. Do not use CAPRELSA in patients with hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, or long QT syndrome. Correct hypocalcemia, hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia prior to CAPRELSA administration. Monitor electrolytes periodically. Avoid drugs known to prolong the QT interval [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . WARN","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:33.063842+00:00"},"safety.safetySignals":{"url":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/event.json","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA FAERS","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_faers","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:48.029351+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL6054362/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:46.810978+00:00"},"regulatory.fda_application":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"NDA022405","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:10:33.063851+00:00"}},"allNames":"caprelsa","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["ZD-6474","vandetanib","zactima","caprelsa","ZD6474"],"timeline":[{"date":"2011-01-01","type":"neutral","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Rights transferred from IPR PHARMS INC to Genzyme Corp"},{"date":"2011-04-06","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"FDA approval (Ipr Pharms Inc)"},{"date":"2012-02-16","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"EMA approval (Genzyme Europe Bv)"}],"approvals":[{"date":"2011-04-06","orphan":true,"company":"IPR PHARMS INC","regulator":"FDA"},{"date":"2012-02-16","orphan":false,"company":"GENZYME EUROPE BV","regulator":"EMA"}],"brandName":"Caprelsa","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Carcinoma of thyroid","otherDrugs":[{"name":"sodium iodide (131I)","slug":"sodium-iodide-(131i)","company":"Bracco"},{"name":"sorafenib","slug":"sorafenib","company":"Bayer Hlthcare"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Medullary thyroid carcinoma","otherDrugs":[{"name":"cabozantinib","slug":"cabozantinib","company":"Exelixis"},{"name":"pralsetinib","slug":"pralsetinib","company":"Blueprint Medicines"},{"name":"selpercatinib","slug":"selpercatinib","company":"Loxo Oncology Inc"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2","novelty":"Follow-on","targets":[{"gene":"RIPK2","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2","protein":"Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2"},{"gene":"EGFR","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Epidermal growth factor receptor","protein":"Epidermal growth factor receptor"},{"gene":"ABL1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1","protein":"Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1"},{"gene":"DDR1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1","protein":"Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 1"},{"gene":"RET","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret","protein":"Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret"},{"gene":"LCK","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck","protein":"Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck"},{"gene":"PTK6","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Protein-tyrosine kinase 6","protein":"Protein-tyrosine kinase 6"},{"gene":"KIT","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit","protein":"Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit"},{"gene":"MAP2K5","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5","protein":"Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5"},{"gene":"EPHA6","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Ephrin type-A receptor 6","protein":"Ephrin type-A receptor 6"}],"moaClass":"Organic Cation Transporter 2 Inhibitors","modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"Kinase Inhibitor [EPC]","explanation":"In vitro studies have shown that vandetanib inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR and VEGFR families, RET, BRK, TIE2, and members of the EPH receptor and Src kinase families. These receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in both normal cellular function and pathologic processes such as oncogenesis, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, and maintenance of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, the N-desmethyl metabolite of the drug, representing to 17.1% of vandetanib exposure, has similar inhibitory activity to the parent compound for VEGF receptors (KDR and Flt-1) and EGFR. In vitro, vandetanib inhibited epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in tumor cells and endothelial cells and VEGF-stimulated tyrosine kinase phosphorylation in endothelial cells. In vivo, vandetanib administration reduced tumor cell-induced angiogenesis, tumor vessel permeability, and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models","oneSentence":"Caprelsa works by blocking a specific protein that helps cancer cells grow and spread.","technicalDetail":"Caprelsa (Vandetanib) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets the RET/ROS1/VEGFR2 pathway, inhibiting the activity of the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIT2) and other kinases involved in tumor growth and angiogenesis."},"commercial":{"launchDate":"2011","_launchSource":"DrugCentral (FDA 2011-04-06, IPR PHARMS 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Gemcitabine Alone in Pancreatic Carcinoma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Liverpool","startDate":"2011-10-10","conditions":["Pancreatic Cancer"],"enrollment":142,"completionDate":"2018-09-05"},{"nctId":"NCT02299999","phase":"PHASE2","title":"SAFIR02_Breast - Efficacy of Genome Analysis as a Therapeutic Decision Tool for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"UNICANCER","startDate":"2014-04-07","conditions":["Metastatic Breast Cancer"],"enrollment":1460,"completionDate":"2025-12"},{"nctId":"NCT00418886","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy Study Comparing ZD6474 in Combination With Pemetrexed and Pemetrexed Alone in 2nd Line NSCLC Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Genzyme, a Sanofi Company","startDate":"2007-01","conditions":["Non Small Cell Lung Cancer","Lung Cancer"],"enrollment":698,"completionDate":"2023-02-14"},{"nctId":"NCT01945762","phase":"","title":"Observational Study to Evaluate Vandetanib in RET -/+ Patients 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