{"id":"topical-corticosteroids-tcs","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Skin atrophy"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Striae"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Telangiectasia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Local skin irritation or burning"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Systemic absorption (with prolonged use on large areas)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Corticosteroids work by penetrating the skin and binding to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, which then translocate to the nucleus and modulate gene expression. This leads to decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced immune cell infiltration, and suppression of inflammatory mediators. The result is rapid reduction of erythema, pruritus, and other signs of cutaneous inflammation.","oneSentence":"Topical corticosteroids suppress local immune and inflammatory responses by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in skin cells, reducing inflammation, itching, and redness.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:54:20.032Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Inflammatory skin conditions including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, and contact dermatitis"},{"name":"Pruritus and other dermatological inflammatory disorders"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06311682","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Tralokinumab in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Children and Infants With Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"LEO Pharma","startDate":"2024-06-10","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":195},{"nctId":"NCT06701331","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Upadacitinib in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Children From 2 to Less Than 12 Years of Age in Japan With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"AbbVie","startDate":"2024-12-22","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":99},{"nctId":"NCT05559359","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Lebrikizumab (LY3650150) in Participants 6 Months to <18 Years of Age With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2022-10-18","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis, Eczema","enrollment":367},{"nctId":"NCT05704738","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate Rocatinlimab (AMG 451) in Adolescent Participants With Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Amgen","startDate":"2023-04-20","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":532},{"nctId":"NCT03568318","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate Upadacitinib in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Adolescent and Adult Participants With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"AbbVie","startDate":"2018-08-09","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":1533},{"nctId":"NCT06627335","phase":"","title":"An Observational Retrospective Cohort Study Being Conducted in Women With Atopic Dermatitis Exposed to Ruxolitinib Cream Versus Topical Corticosteroids During Pregnancy: A US Claims Database Analysis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Incyte Corporation","startDate":"2023-03-27","conditions":"Pregnancy Related, Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":5621},{"nctId":"NCT05724199","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study Assessing Rocatinlimab in Combination With Topical Corticosteroid and/or Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors in Adult Participants With Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Amgen","startDate":"2023-02-21","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":746},{"nctId":"NCT06280716","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Lebrikizumab (LY3650150) With/Without Topical Corticosteroid Treatment in Participants With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2024-04-24","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":301},{"nctId":"NCT04202679","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study of Dupilumab for the Treatment of Patients With Prurigo Nodularis, Inadequately Controlled on Topical Prescription Therapies or When Those Therapies Are Not Advisable (PRIME2)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2020-01-16","conditions":"Neurodermatitis","enrollment":160},{"nctId":"NCT04183335","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study of Dupilumab for the Treatment of Patients With Prurigo Nodularis, Inadequately Controlled on Topical Prescription Therapies or When Those Therapies Are Not Advisable (LIBERTY-PN PRIME)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sanofi","startDate":"2019-12-12","conditions":"Neurodermatitis","enrollment":151},{"nctId":"NCT06554847","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Evaluation of 611 in Combination With Topical Corticosteroid in Participants With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Sunshine Guojian Pharmaceutical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2024-09-23","conditions":"Dermatitis, Atopic, Eczema, Atopic","enrollment":400},{"nctId":"NCT05607901","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Comparative Clinical Trial Evaluating the Effect and Safety of Tacrolimus Versus Hydrocortisone","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2022-10-28","conditions":"Dermatologic Disease","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT03160885","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Tralokinumab Monotherapy for Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis - ECZTRA 2 (ECZema TRAlokinumab Trial no. 2)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"LEO Pharma","startDate":"2017-06-12","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":794},{"nctId":"NCT04587453","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Tralokinumab in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Japanese Subjects With Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"LEO Pharma","startDate":"2020-10-27","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":106},{"nctId":"NCT03131648","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Tralokinumab Monotherapy for Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis - ECZTRA 1 (ECZema TRAlokinumab Trial no. 1)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"LEO Pharma","startDate":"2017-05-30","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":802},{"nctId":"NCT03761537","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Tralokinumab in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Subjects With Severe Atopic Dermatitis - ECZTRA 7","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"LEO Pharma","startDate":"2018-12-13","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":277},{"nctId":"NCT05387707","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Difelikefalin as Adjunct Therapy to a Topical Corticosteroid for Moderate to Severe Pruritus in Subjects With Atopic Dermatitis","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Cara Therapeutics, Inc.","startDate":"2022-08-16","conditions":"Pruritus, Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":287},{"nctId":"NCT03661138","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate Safety of Upadacitinib in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Adolescent and Adult Participants With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"AbbVie","startDate":"2018-10-27","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":272},{"nctId":"NCT04250337","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Lebrikizumab (LY3650150) in Combination With Topical Corticosteroid in Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2020-02-03","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":228},{"nctId":"NCT03809663","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Dose Ranging Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Tezepelumab in Atopic Dermatitis","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Amgen","startDate":"2019-03-15","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":251},{"nctId":"NCT00120523","phase":"PHASE3","title":"5-Year Safety Study of Pimecrolimus Cream 1% in Infants 3 - 12 Months of Age With Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG","startDate":"2004-04","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":2418},{"nctId":"NCT03539601","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Study of Crisaborole Ointment 2%; Crisaborole Vehicle; TCS and TCI in Subjects Aged ≥ 2 Years, With Mild-moderate AD","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Pfizer","startDate":"2018-04-27","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":237},{"nctId":"NCT03948334","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of ZPL389 With TCS/TCI in Atopic Dermatitis Patients","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2019-04-04","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":123},{"nctId":"NCT04878770","phase":"NA","title":"NMF-CsA-Dupi Trial","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Erasmus Medical Center","startDate":"2021-08-16","conditions":"Dermatitis, Atopic","enrollment":318},{"nctId":"NCT03864627","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of MOR106 Administered Concomitantly With Topical Corticosteroids, in Adult Participants With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Galapagos NV","startDate":"2019-03-25","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":33},{"nctId":"NCT02755649","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Participants With Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD) That Are Not Controlled With Oral Cyclosporine A (CSA) or for Those Who Cannot Take Oral CSA Because it is Not Medically Advisable","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Regeneron Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2016-01-31","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":325},{"nctId":"NCT03345914","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab Administered With Topical Corticosteroids (TCS) in Participants ≥6 to <12 Years With Severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Regeneron Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2017-11-17","conditions":"Dermatitis, Atopic","enrollment":367},{"nctId":"NCT03733301","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study of Baricitinib (LY3009104) in Combination With Topical Corticosteroids in Adults With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2018-11-16","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":329},{"nctId":"NCT03983460","phase":"NA","title":"Dupilumab Impact on Skin Resident Memory T Cells","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Association pour la Recherche Clinique et Immunologique","startDate":"2020-03-09","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT03100344","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Dose-ranging Study of Nemolizumab in Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Galderma R&D","startDate":"2017-06-14","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":226},{"nctId":"NCT02317276","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Study to Determine Serum and Skin Biopsy Biomarkers in Patients Receiving Topical Corticosteroid (TCS) and Following TCS Withdrawal","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"University of California, San Francisco","startDate":"2014-12","conditions":"Dermatitis, Atopic","enrollment":11},{"nctId":"NCT02260986","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study to Assess the Efficacy and Long-term Safety of Dupilumab (REGN668/SAR231893) in Adult Participants With Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Regeneron Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":740},{"nctId":"NCT01639040","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study to Assess the Safety of Dupilumab (REGN668/SAR231893) Administered Concomitantly With Topical Corticosteroids (TCS) in Patients With Moderate-to-severe Atopic Dermatitis (AD)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Regeneron Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2012-07","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":31},{"nctId":"NCT02340234","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of Lebrikizumab in Participants With Persistent Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hoffmann-La Roche","startDate":"2015-05","conditions":"Atopic Dermatitis","enrollment":212},{"nctId":"NCT00121381","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Pimecrolimus Cream 1% Plus Topical Corticosteroid in Patients (2-17 Years of Age) With Severe Atopic Dermatitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis","startDate":"2005-05","conditions":"Dermatitis, Atopic","enrollment":400}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":320,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Topical corticosteroids (TCS)","genericName":"Topical corticosteroids (TCS)","companyName":"AbbVie","companyId":"abbvie","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are used to treat conditions such as atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, dermatologic disease, and dermatitis. They are administered as small molecules in combination with other treatments, such as tralokinumab, for efficacy and safety evaluation.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}