{"id":"topical-antimicrobial-antifungal-medications","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Local irritation or burning"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Pruritus"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Erythema"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Contact dermatitis"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"This category encompasses multiple drug classes with varying mechanisms. Common approaches include disruption of bacterial cell membranes (e.g., quaternary ammonium compounds), inhibition of fungal ergosterol synthesis (e.g., azoles), disruption of fungal cell wall β-glucan formation (e.g., echinocandins), or broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity through oxidative stress or metal ion mechanisms. These agents are applied directly to affected skin areas to achieve high local concentrations while minimizing systemic exposure.","oneSentence":"Topical antimicrobial and antifungal medications work by disrupting microbial cell membranes, inhibiting fungal cell wall synthesis, or interfering with microbial protein synthesis to eliminate or inhibit growth of bacteria and fungi on skin surfaces.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:38:54.717Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Fungal skin infections (e.g., tinea pedis, tinea corporis, candidiasis)"},{"name":"Bacterial skin infections"},{"name":"Mixed microbial skin infections"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05110001","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Rose Bengal Electromagnetic Activation With Green Light for Infection Reduction","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of California, San Francisco","startDate":"2022-08-03","conditions":"Acanthamoeba Keratitis, Fungal Keratitis","enrollment":330},{"nctId":"NCT06967376","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"The Role of Adjuvant Corneal Crosslinking in the Management of Infective Keratitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt","startDate":"2018-05-21","conditions":"Infective Keratitis","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT05655689","phase":"","title":"The Antibiogram and Outcomes of Antimicrobial Regimens in Microbial Keratitis: A Prospective Cohort Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Alexandria University","startDate":"2021-12-31","conditions":"Bacterial Keratitis, Fungal Keratitis, Mixed Bacterial and Fungal Keratitis","enrollment":123},{"nctId":"NCT05255016","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Safety and Effectiveness of the PXL Platinum 330 System With Riboflavin Solution for Refractory Corneal Ulcers","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Peschke GmbH","startDate":"2022-03-14","conditions":"Keratitis, Corneal Ulcer","enrollment":488},{"nctId":"NCT00634166","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effects of Therapy With Sulfamylon® 5% Topical Solution Compared to a Historical Control Group","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Mylan Inc.","startDate":"2007-09","conditions":"Burns","enrollment":220}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Bacitracin; Amphotericin B; others noted below."],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Topical Antimicrobial/Antifungal Medications","genericName":"Topical Antimicrobial/Antifungal Medications","companyName":"Mylan Inc.","companyId":"mylan-inc","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Topical antimicrobial and antifungal medications work by disrupting microbial cell membranes, inhibiting fungal cell wall synthesis, or interfering with microbial protein synthesis to eliminate or inhibit growth of bacteria and fungi on skin surfaces. Used for Fungal skin infections (e.g., tinea pedis, tinea corporis, candidiasis), Bacterial skin infections, Mixed microbial skin infections.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}