{"id":"timolol-0-25-ophthalmic-solution","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Ocular irritation or discomfort"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Blurred vision"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Conjunctivitis"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Systemic beta-blocker effects (bradycardia, bronchospasm) with topical absorption"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":{"setId":"9a5aab8f-59b9-4d73-82c4-dc5b8fa8119e","title":"TIMOLOL MALEATE OPHTHALMIC GEL FORMING SOLUTION, 0.25% SOLUTION/ DROPS TIMOLOL MALEATE OPHTHALMIC GEL FORMING SOLUTION, 0.5% SOLUTION/ DROPS [ALEMBIC PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED]"},"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Timolol blocks beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the ciliary body of the eye, which reduces the rate of aqueous humor secretion. This leads to a decrease in intraocular pressure, making it effective for treating conditions characterized by elevated eye pressure. The ophthalmic solution formulation allows direct topical application to the eye for local therapeutic effect.","oneSentence":"Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist that reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humor production in the eye.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T02:09:12.304Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Glaucoma"},{"name":"Ocular hypertension"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05114239","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Topical Timolol: a Comparison of Surgical Outcomes","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Keith G. LeBlanc, Jr, MD","startDate":"2021-04-07","conditions":"Wound Heal","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT01535768","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Effect of Prophylactic Aqueous Suppression on Hyperencapsulation of Ahmed Glaucoma Valves","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Credit Valley EyeCare","startDate":"2012-02","conditions":"Glaucoma","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT00061542","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Safety and Efficacy Study of BETOPTIC S 0.25% and Timolol Gel-forming Solution 0.25% and 0.5% in Pediatric Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Alcon Research","startDate":"2003-01","conditions":"Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension","enrollment":105},{"nctId":"NCT01652664","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study of Travoprost Ophthalmic Solution, 0.004% Compared to Timolol (0.5% or 0.25%) in Pediatric Glaucoma Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Alcon Research","startDate":"2012-09","conditions":"Pediatric Glaucoma, Elevated IOP in Pediatric Patients, Ocular Hypertension in Pediatric Patients","enrollment":184}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":19,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Timolol 0.25% Ophthalmic Solution","genericName":"Timolol 0.25% Ophthalmic Solution","companyName":"Keith G. LeBlanc, Jr, MD","companyId":"keith-g-leblanc-jr-md","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Timolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist that reduces intraocular pressure by decreasing aqueous humor production in the eye. Used for Glaucoma, Ocular hypertension.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}