{"id":"tamoxifen-and-gnrh-analogue","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"50-70%","effect":"Hot flashes"},{"rate":"30-50%","effect":"Vaginal discharge"},{"rate":"20-40%","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"10-30%","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"10-30%","effect":"Fatigue"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL407140","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"1619.33"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"groq-llama-8b","explanation":"Tamoxifen binds to estrogen receptors on breast cancer cells, preventing estrogen from binding and stimulating cell growth. This results in the inhibition of estrogen's proliferative effects on breast cancer cells. GnRH analogue, on the other hand, works by binding to GnRH receptors in the pituitary gland, leading to a decrease in gonadotropin secretion. This decrease in gonadotropin secretion subsequently results in reduced estrogen production, which can help to slow the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells.","oneSentence":"Tamoxifen acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) to inhibit estrogen's proliferative effects on breast cancer cells, while GnRH analogue works by downregulating GnRH receptors in the pituitary gland, leading to decreased gonadotropin secretion and subsequently reduced estrogen production.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:37:21.175Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Treatment of hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer"},{"name":"Treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06179303","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Functional Imaging in Prediction of Response to Abemaciclib for Advanced Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of Washington","startDate":"2024-07-22","conditions":"Anatomic Stage III Breast Cancer AJCC v8, Anatomic Stage IV Breast Cancer AJCC v8, Locally Advanced Unresectable HER2-Negative Breast Carcinoma","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT00066703","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Triptorelin With Either Exemestane or Tamoxifen in Treating Premenopausal Women With Hormone-Responsive Breast Cancer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation","startDate":"2003-11-03","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":2672},{"nctId":"NCT00066690","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Suppression of Ovarian Function With Either Tamoxifen or Exemestane Compared With Tamoxifen Alone in Treating Premenopausal Women With Hormone-Responsive Breast Cancer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation","startDate":"2003-12-17","conditions":"Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer, Progesterone Receptor Positive Tumor, Recurrent Breast Carcinoma","enrollment":3066},{"nctId":"NCT06001762","phase":"PHASE2","title":"TRADE: Dose Escalation Tolerability of Abemaciclib in HR+ HER2- Early Stage Breast Cancer","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Dana-Farber Cancer Institute","startDate":"2023-10-05","conditions":"Breast Cancer, Early-stage Breast Cancer, High Risk Breast Carcinoma","enrollment":90},{"nctId":"NCT00963417","phase":"NA","title":"Study of Bone Mineral Density in Women With Breast Cancer Treated With Triptorelin and Tamoxifen or Exemestane on Protocol IBCSG 25-02","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation","startDate":"2009-08-03","conditions":"Breast Cancer, Osteoporosis","enrollment":119},{"nctId":"NCT03820830","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Palbociclib for HR Positive / HER2-negative Isolated Locoregional Recurrence of Breast Cancer","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation","startDate":"2019-08-27","conditions":"Breast Cancer Recurrent","enrollment":405},{"nctId":"NCT05306041","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy +/- the PI3K Inhibitor Inavolisib in HER2+, HR+, PIK3CA Mutant Early Breast Cancer","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"GBG Forschungs GmbH","startDate":"2023-01-02","conditions":"HER2-positive Breast Cancer","enrollment":170},{"nctId":"NCT05861830","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Dalpiciclib With Endocrine Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer After CDK4/6 Inhibitor Failure (DAWNA-FES)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","startDate":"2023-05-15","conditions":"Advanced Breast Cancer","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT05801705","phase":"","title":"Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Toremifene, Tamoxifen, and Aromatase Inhibitor Plus Ovarian Function Suppression in Hormone Receptor-Positive Early Breast Cancer Among Non-Low-Risk Premenopausal Women: A Real-World Study","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University","startDate":"2023-06-01","conditions":"Hormone-receptor-positive Breast Cancer, Premenopausal Breast Cancer, Breast Cancer Patients at Intermediate to High Risk","enrollment":700},{"nctId":"NCT05800197","phase":"","title":"Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer. Real Clinical Practice in Russia","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Blokhin's Russian Cancer Research Center","startDate":"2014-04-15","conditions":"Breast Cancer, Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy","enrollment":300},{"nctId":"NCT05131893","phase":"","title":"Neoadjuvant Treatment of Breast Cancer","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Institute of Oncology, Hungary","startDate":"2022-03","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":300},{"nctId":"NCT03078751","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Adjuvant Ribociclib With Endocrine Therapy in Hormone Receptor+/HER2- High Risk Early Breast Cancer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2017-06-20","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":54},{"nctId":"NCT02603679","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Neoadjuvant Response-guided Treatment of Luminal B-type Tumors and Luminal A-type Tumors With Node Metastases","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Thomas Hatschek","startDate":"2015-02","conditions":"Early-Stage Breast Carcinoma, Estrogen Receptor Positive Tumor","enrollment":181},{"nctId":"NCT02592083","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Neoadjuvant Response-guided Treatment of Slowly Proliferating Hormone Receptor Positive Tumors","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Thomas Hatschek","startDate":"2015-10","conditions":"Early-Stage Breast Carcinoma, Hormone Receptor Positive Tumor","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT01638247","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Tamoxifen +/- GnRH Analogue vs Aromatase Inhibitor + GnRH Analogue in Male Breast Cancer Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"GBG Forschungs GmbH","startDate":"2012-08","conditions":"Male Breast Cancer","enrollment":56},{"nctId":"NCT03081234","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Adjuvant Ribociclib With Endocrine Therapy in Hormone Receptor+/HER2- Intermediate Risk Early Breast Cancer","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2018-03-31","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00066807","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Premenopausal Endocrine Responsive Chemotherapy Trial","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation","startDate":"2003-08","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":29},{"nctId":"NCT00379015","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Epirubicin and Cyclophosphamide Followed By Docetaxel and Trastuzumab in Treating Women With HER2-Positive Stage III or Stage IV Breast Cancer","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Translational Research Center for Medical Innovation, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan","startDate":"2006-01","conditions":"Breast Cancer","enrollment":38},{"nctId":"NCT00659373","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Brain Function in Premenopausal Women Receiving Tamoxifen With or Without Ovarian Function Suppression for Early-Stage Breast Cancer on Clinical Trial IBCSG 24-02","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation","startDate":"2007-12","conditions":"Breast Cancer, Fatigue, Sleep Disorders","enrollment":86}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":15,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["TRENATONE, ZOLADEX"],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Tamoxifen and GnRH analogue","genericName":"Tamoxifen and GnRH analogue","companyName":"GBG Forschungs GmbH","companyId":"gbg-forschungs-gmbh","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Tamoxifen acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) to inhibit estrogen's proliferative effects on breast cancer cells, while GnRH analogue works by downregulating GnRH receptors in the pituitary gland, leading to decreased gonadotropin secretion and subsequently reduced estrogen production. Used for Treatment of hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer, Treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}