{"id":"supervised-primaquine-treatment","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hemolytic anemia (in G6PD-deficient patients)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Abdominal pain"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Methemoglobinemia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Primaquine works against both the erythrocytic (blood) and exoerythrocytic (liver) stages of malaria parasites, with particular efficacy against hypnozoites—dormant liver forms of P. vivax and P. ovale that cause relapse. The drug is metabolized to active metabolites that disrupt parasite metabolism and induce oxidative stress. Supervised administration ensures adherence and monitoring for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency-related hemolysis.","oneSentence":"Primaquine is an 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial that eliminates malaria parasites by generating reactive oxygen species that damage parasite DNA and mitochondria.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:38:24.720Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax (radical cure including hypnozoite elimination)"},{"name":"Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale (radical cure including hypnozoite elimination)"},{"name":"Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06191458","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Postpartum Primaquine in Breast Milk","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Oxford","startDate":"2024-07-09","conditions":"Postpartum Women","enrollment":12},{"nctId":"NCT04984759","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Tafenoquine and Primaquine in Colostrum and Breast Milk","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"University of Oxford","startDate":"2023-07-01","conditions":"Healthy Lactating Women","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT02802813","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"P.Vivax Treatment Trial","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Oxford","startDate":"2016-06-14","conditions":"Plasmodium Vivax","enrollment":41},{"nctId":"NCT03610399","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of 3 Regimens of Chloroquine and Primaquine for Treatment of P. Vivax Malaria, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","startDate":"2018-04-09","conditions":"P Vivax, Malaria, Vivax","enrollment":257},{"nctId":"NCT01814683","phase":"NA","title":"IMPROV (Improving the Radical Cure of Vivax Malaria)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Oxford","startDate":"2014-07","conditions":"Uncomplicated Vivax Malaria","enrollment":2388},{"nctId":"NCT02787070","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Randomized Controlled Trial on Malaria Primaquine Treatment in Timika, Indonesia (TRIPI)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Menzies School of Health Research","startDate":"2016-09-14","conditions":"Uncomplicated Malaria","enrollment":420},{"nctId":"NCT02793388","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Trial on Supervised Primaquine Use in Ethiopia","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Menzies School of Health Research","startDate":"2016-09","conditions":"Malaria","enrollment":""}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Supervised primaquine treatment","genericName":"Supervised primaquine treatment","companyName":"Menzies School of Health Research","companyId":"menzies-school-of-health-research","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Primaquine is an 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial that eliminates malaria parasites by generating reactive oxygen species that damage parasite DNA and mitochondria. Used for Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax (radical cure including hypnozoite elimination), Malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale (radical cure including hypnozoite elimination), Malaria caused by Plasmodium malariae.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}