{"id":"sulfadiazine","rwe":[],"_fda":{"id":"f63c800f-63a1-498e-9814-28b41de0c3b2","set_id":"0084786a-09a3-4612-9afc-6733cc0cc56a","openfda":{"nui":["N0000175503","M0020790"],"unii":["W46JY43EJR"],"route":["TOPICAL"],"rxcui":["106351"],"spl_id":["f63c800f-63a1-498e-9814-28b41de0c3b2"],"brand_name":["Silver Sulfadiazine"],"spl_set_id":["0084786a-09a3-4612-9afc-6733cc0cc56a"],"package_ndc":["63629-8773-1"],"product_ndc":["63629-8773"],"generic_name":["SILVER SULFADIAZINE"],"product_type":["HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG"],"pharm_class_cs":["Sulfonamides [CS]"],"substance_name":["SILVER SULFADIAZINE"],"pharm_class_epc":["Sulfonamide Antibacterial [EPC]"],"manufacturer_name":["Bryant Ranch Prepack"],"application_number":["NDA018810"],"original_packager_product_ndc":["67877-124"]},"version":"105","warnings":["WARNINGS Absorption of silver sulfadiazine varies depending upon the percent of body surface area and the extent of the tissue damage. Although few have been reported, it is possible that any adverse reaction associated with sulfonamides may occur. Some of the reactions which have been associated with sulfonamides are as follows: blood dyscrasias including agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and hemolytic anemia; dermatologic and allergic reactions, including life-threatening cutaneous reactions [Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and exfoliative dermatitis]; gastrointestinal reactions, hepatitis and hepatocellular necrosis; CNS reactions; and toxic nephrosis. There is a potential cross-sensitivity between silver sulfadiazine and other sulfonamides. If allergic reactions attributable to treatment with silver sulfadiazine occur, continuation of therapy must be weighed against the potential hazards of the particular allergic reaction. Fungal proliferation in and below the eschar may occur. However, the incidence of clinically reported fungal superinfection is low. The use of silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% in some cases of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient individuals may be hazardous, as hemolysis may occur."],"pregnancy":["PREGNANCY: TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Pregnancy Category B. A reproductive study has been performed in rabbits at doses up to three to ten times the concentration of silver sulfadiazine in silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% and has revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to silver sulfadiazine. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly justified, especially in pregnant women approaching or at term. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS )"],"references":["REFERENCES Caffee F, Bingham H. Leukopenia and silver sulfadiazine. J Trauma. 1982;22: 586–587. Jarret F, Ellerbe S, Demling R. Acute leukopenia during topical burn therapy with silver sulfadiazine. Amer J Surg. 1978;135: 818–819. Kiker RG, Carvajal HF, Micak RP, Larson DL. A controlled study of the effects of silver sulfadiazine on white blood cell counts in burned children. J Trauma. 1977;17: 835–836."],"description":["DESCRIPTION Silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% is a soft, white, water dispersible cream containing the antimicrobial agent silver sulfadiazine in micronized form for topical application. Each gram of silver sulfadiazine cream contains 10mg of micronized silver sulfadiazine. This active agent has the following structural formula: Silver sulfadiazine cream contains 1% w/w silver sulfadiazine. The vehicle in which the active ingredient is dispersed consists of water, stearyl alcohol, white petrolatum, polyoxyl 40 stearate, propylene glycol, isopropyl myristate, and sorbitan monooleate with 0.3% methylparaben as a preservative."],"precautions":["PRECAUTIONS General. If hepatic and renal functions become impaired and elimination of the drug decreases accumulation may occur. Discontinuation of silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% should be weighed against the therapeutic benefit being achieved. In considering the use of topical proteolytic enzymes in conjunction with Silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% the possibility should be noted that silver may inactivate such enzymes. Laboratory Tests. In the treatment of burn wounds involving extensive areas of the body, the serum sulfa concentrations may approach adult therapeutic levels (8 to 12mg %). Therefore, in these patients it would be advisable to monitor serum sulfa concentrations. Renal function should be carefully monitored and the urine should be checked for sulfa crystals. Absorption of the propylene glycol vehicle has been reported to affect serum osmolality, which may affect the interpretation of laboratory tests. Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility. Long-term dermal toxicity studies of 24 months duration in rats and 18 months in mice with concentrations of silver sulfadiazine three to ten times the concentration in silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% revealed no evidence of carcinogenicity."],"how_supplied":["HOW SUPPLIED Silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% - white to off-white cream NDC Number Size 63629-8773-1 400g jar Store at room temperature. 15°-30°C (59°-86°F). Repackaged/Relabeled by: Bryant Ranch Prepack, Inc. Burbank, CA 91504"],"geriatric_use":["Geriatric Use. Of the total number of subjects in clinical studies of silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% seven percent were 65 years of age and over. No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between these subjects and younger subjects, and other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out."],"pediatric_use":["Pediatric Use. Safety and effectiveness in children have not been established. (See CONTRAINDICATIONS )"],"effective_time":"20250210","nursing_mothers":["Nursing Mothers. It is not known whether silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% is excreted in human milk. However, sulfonamides are known to be excreted in human milk and all sulfonamides derivatives are known to increase the possibility of kernicterus. Because of the possibility for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from sulfonamides, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother."],"adverse_reactions":["ADVERSE REACTIONS Several cases of transient leukopenia have been reported in patients receiving silver sulfadiazine therapy. 1,2,3 Leukopenia associated with silver sulfadiazine administration is primarily characterized by decreased neutrophil count. Maximal white blood cell depression occurs within two to four days of initiation of therapy. Rebound to normal leukocyte levels follows onset within two to three days. Recovery is not influenced by continuation of silver sulfadiazine therapy. An increased incidence has been seen in patients treated concurrently with cimetidine. Other infrequently occurring events include skin necrosis, erythema multiforme, skin discoloration, burning sensation, rashes, and interstitial nephritis. Reduction in bacterial growth after application of topical antibacterial agents has been reported to permit spontaneous healing of deep partial-thickness burns by preventing conversion of the partial thickness to full thickness by sepsis. However, reduction in bacterial colonization has caused delayed separation, in some cases necessitating escharotomy in order to prevent contracture."],"contraindications":["CONTRAINDICATIONS Silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to silver sulfadiazine or any of the other ingredients in the preparation. Because sulfonamide therapy is known to increase the possibility of kernicterus, silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% should not be used on pregnant women approaching or at term, on premature infants, or on newborn infants during the first 2 months of life."],"clinical_pharmacology":["CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Silver sulfadiazine has broad antimicrobial activity. It is bactericidal for many gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as being effective against yeast. Results from in vitro testing are listed below. Sufficient data have been obtained to demonstrate that silver sulfadiazine will inhibit bacteria that are resistant to other antimicrobial agents and that the compound is superior to sulfadiazine. Studies utilizing radioactive micronized silver sulfadiazine, electron microscopy, and biochemical techniques have revealed that the mechanism of action of silver sulfadiazine on bacteria differs from silver nitrate and sodium sulfadiazine. Silver sulfadiazine acts only on the cell membrane and cell wall to produce its bactericidal effect. Results of in Vitro Testing With Silver Sulfadiazine Cream, USP 1% Concentration of Silver Sulfadiazine Number of Sensitive Strains / Total Number of Strains Tested Genus and Species 50 µg/mL 100 µg/mL Pseudomonas aeruginosa 130/130 130/130 Xanthomonas (Pseudomonas) Maltophilia 7/7 7/7 Enterobacter species 48/50 50/50 Enterobacter cloacae 24/24 24/24 Klebsiella species 53/54 54/54 Escherichia coli 63/63 63/63 Serratia species 27/28 28/28 Proteus mirabilis 53/53 53/53 Morganella morganii 10/10 10/10 Providencia rettgeri 2/2 2/2 Proteus vulgaris 2/2 2/2 Providencia species 1/1 1/1 Citrobacter species 10/10 10/10 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus 10/11 11/11 Stahylococcus aureus 100/101 100/101 Staphylococcus epidermidis 51/51 51/51 β-Hemolytic Streptococcus 4/4 4/4 Enterococcus species 52/53 52/53 Corynebacterium diphtheriae 2/2 2/2 Clostridium perfringens 0/2 2/2 Candida albicans 43/50 50/50 Silver sulfadiazine is not a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and may be useful in situations where such agents are contraindicated."],"indications_and_usage":["INDICATIONS AND USAGE Silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% is a topical antimicrobial drug indicated as an adjunct for the prevention and treatment of wound sepsis in patients with second and third degree burns."],"spl_unclassified_section":[""],"dosage_and_administration":["DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Prompt institution of appropriate regimens for care of the burned patient is of prime importance and includes the control of shock and pain. The burn wounds are then cleansed and debrided; silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% is then applied under sterile conditions. The burn areas should be covered with silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% at all times. The cream should be applied once to twice daily to a thickness of approximately one sixteenth of an inch. Whenever necessary, the cream should be reapplied to any areas from which it has been removed by patient activity. Administration may be accomplished in minimal time because dressings are not required. However, if individual patient requirements make dressings necessary, they may be used. Reapply immediately after hydrotherapy. Treatment with silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% should be continued until satisfactory healing has occurred or until the burn site is ready for grafting. The drug should not be withdrawn from the therapeutic regimen while there remains the possibility of infection except if a significant adverse reaction occurs."],"spl_product_data_elements":["Silver Sulfadiazine Silver Sulfadiazine SILVER SULFADIAZINE SULFADIAZINE WATER STEARYL ALCOHOL PETROLATUM POLYOXYL 40 STEARATE PROPYLENE GLYCOL ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE SORBITAN MONOOLEATE METHYLPARABEN Ascend Title Structural Formula"],"clinical_pharmacology_table":["
Results of in Vitro Testing With Silver Sulfadiazine Cream, USP 1% Concentration of Silver Sulfadiazine Number of Sensitive Strains / Total Number of Strains Tested
Genus and Species50 µg/mL100 µg/mL
Pseudomonas aeruginosa130/130130/130
Xanthomonas (Pseudomonas) Maltophilia7/77/7
Enterobacter species48/5050/50
Enterobacter cloacae24/2424/24
Klebsiella species53/5454/54
Escherichia coli63/6363/63
Serratia species27/2828/28
Proteus mirabilis53/5353/53
Morganella morganii10/1010/10
Providencia rettgeri2/22/2
Proteus vulgaris2/22/2
Providencia species1/11/1
Citrobacter species10/1010/10
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus10/1111/11
Stahylococcus aureus100/101100/101
Staphylococcus epidermidis51/5151/51
β-Hemolytic Streptococcus4/44/4
Enterococcus species52/5352/53
Corynebacterium diphtheriae2/22/2
Clostridium perfringens0/22/2
Candida albicans43/5050/50
"],"package_label_principal_display_panel":["Silver Sulfadiazine Cream 1% #400 (Jar) Label"],"carcinogenesis_and_mutagenesis_and_impairment_of_fertility":["Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility. Long-term dermal toxicity studies of 24 months duration in rats and 18 months in mice with concentrations of silver sulfadiazine three to ten times the concentration in silver sulfadiazine cream, USP 1% revealed no evidence of carcinogenicity."]},"tags":[{"label":"Sulfonamide Antibacterial","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A","category":"target"},{"label":"HTR2A","category":"gene"},{"label":"HTR2B","category":"gene"},{"label":"AURKA","category":"gene"},{"label":"J01EC02","category":"atc"},{"label":"Oral","category":"route"},{"label":"Tablet","category":"form"},{"label":"Off-Patent","category":"patent"},{"label":"Generic Available","category":"availability"},{"label":"Mature","category":"status"},{"label":"Burn Wound Infections","category":"indication"},{"label":"Chorioretinitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Congenital toxoplasmosis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Encephalitis due to Toxoplasmosis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Minor Bacterial Skin Infections","category":"indication"},{"label":"Rheumatic Fever Prevention","category":"indication"},{"label":"Lilly","category":"company"},{"label":"Approved 1940s","category":"decade"},{"label":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Anti-Infective Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antiparasitic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antiprotozoal Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Coccidiostats","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"boxedWarnings":[],"safetySignals":[{"date":"","signal":"OFF LABEL USE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"258 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"DYSPNOEA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"250 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"246 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"PAIN","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"243 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"NAUSEA","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"233 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"218 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"CONDITION AGGRAVATED","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"217 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"ANXIETY","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"213 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"VOMITING","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"204 reports"},{"date":"","signal":"FATIGUE","source":"FDA FAERS","actionTaken":"201 reports"}],"drugInteractions":[{"url":"/drug/cyp2c9-substrates","drug":"CYP2C9 Substrates","action":"Use caution","effect":"Strong CYP2C9 Inhibitors - CYP2C9 Substrates","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"cyp2c9-substrates"},{"url":"/drug/warfarin","drug":"warfarin","action":"Monitor closely","effect":"May interact with Warfarin","source":"DrugCentral","drugSlug":"warfarin"}],"commonSideEffects":[{"effect":"Nausea","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Diarrhea","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Anorexia","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Abdominal pains","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Hepatitis","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Pancreatitis","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Stomatitis","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Headache","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Peripheral neuritis","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Mental depression","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Convulsions","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Ataxia","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Hallucinations","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Tinnitus","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Vertigo","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Insomnia","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Crystalluria","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Stone formation","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Toxic nephrosis with oliguria and anuria","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Periarteritis nodosa","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Lupus erythematosus phenomenon","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Goiter production","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Diuresis","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"},{"effect":"Hypoglycemia","drugRate":"reported","severity":"unknown"}],"contraindications":["Anemia","Anemia due to enzyme deficiency","Aplastic anemia","Asthma","Breastfeeding (mother)","Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase","Disease of blood AND/OR blood-forming organ","Disease of liver","Gastrointestinal obstruction","Kidney disease","Leukopenia","Megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency","Neutropenic disorder","Porphyria","Pregnancy, function","Slow acetylator due to N-acetyltransferase enzyme variant","Superimposed infection","Third trimester pregnancy","Thrombocytopenic disorder","Urinary tract obstruction"],"specialPopulations":{"Pregnancy":"The safe use of sulfonamides in pregnancy has not been established. The teratogenic potential of most sulfonamides has not been thoroughly investigated in either animals or humans. However, significant increase in the incidence of cleft palate and other bony abnormalities in offspring has been observed when certain sulfonamides of the short, intermediate and long acting types were given to pregnant rats and mice in high oral doses (7 to 25 times the human therapeutic dose).","Paediatric use":"Sulfadiazine is contraindicated in infants less than 2 months of age (except as adjunctive therapy with pyrimethamine in the treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis)."}},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"company":"Eli Lilly","patents":[],"pricing":[],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=SULFADIAZINE","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:01.658377+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:13.080548+00:00"},"regulatory.us":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA Drugs@FDA","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_drugsfda","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:00.284216+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=SULFADIAZINE","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:13.825751+00:00"},"mechanism.drugClass":{"url":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/label.json","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label (EPC)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:44:57.890108+00:00"},"administration.route":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:44:57.890156+00:00"},"safety.boxedWarnings":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label (no boxed warning)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:44:57.890169+00:00"},"safety.safetySignals":{"url":"https://api.fda.gov/drug/event.json","method":"api_direct","source":"FDA FAERS","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_faers","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:15.334528+00:00"},"mechanism.target_chembl":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL mechanism: Bacterial dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:14.408514+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL439/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:14.293952+00:00"},"regulatory.fda_application":{"url":"","method":"deterministic","source":"FDA Label","rawText":"NDA018810","confidence":1,"sourceType":"fda_label","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T00:44:57.890179+00:00"}},"allNames":["sulfadiazine sodium","sulfadiazine","sulfadiazin","sulfapyrimidine","sulfazine","sulphadiazine"],"offLabel":[],"synonyms":["sulfadiazine sodium","sulfadiazine","sulfadiazin","sulfapyrimidine","sulfazine","sulphadiazine"],"timeline":[{"date":"1941-01-01","type":"neutral","source":"FDA Orange Book","milestone":"Rights transferred from LEDERLE to Lilly"},{"date":"1941-08-11","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"FDA approval (Lederle)"}],"aiSummary":"Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial small molecule drug originally developed by Lederle and currently owned by Lilly. It targets the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A and has been FDA-approved since 1941 for various indications including burn wound infections, chorioretinitis, and toxoplasmosis. Sulfadiazine is available as a generic medication due to its off-patent status. It has a bioavailability of 90% and a half-life of 7.0 hours. As a sulfonamide antibacterial, it is effective against a range of bacterial infections.","approvals":[{"date":"1941-08-11","orphan":false,"company":"LEDERLE","regulator":"FDA"}],"brandName":"Sulfadiazine","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Burn Wound Infections","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amikacin","slug":"amikacin","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"erythromycin ethyl succinate","slug":"erythromycin-ethyl-succinate","company":"Arbor Pharms Llc"},{"name":"gentamicin","slug":"gentamicin","company":"Schering"},{"name":"kanamycin","slug":"kanamycin","company":"Apothecon"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Chorioretinitis","otherDrugs":[],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Congenital toxoplasmosis","otherDrugs":[],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Encephalitis due to Toxoplasmosis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"pyrimethamine","slug":"pyrimethamine","company":"Amedra Pharms"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Minor Bacterial Skin Infections","otherDrugs":[{"name":"Polymyxin B","slug":"polymyxin-b","company":"Monarch Pharms"},{"name":"bacitracin","slug":"bacitracin","company":"Pharmacia And Upjohn"},{"name":"chlortetracycline","slug":"chlortetracycline","company":""},{"name":"cortisone acetate","slug":"cortisone-acetate","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Rheumatic Fever Prevention","otherDrugs":[{"name":"benzylpenicillin","slug":"benzylpenicillin","company":"Pfizer"},{"name":"erythromycin","slug":"erythromycin","company":"Arbor Pharms Llc"},{"name":"phenoxymethylpenicillin","slug":"phenoxymethylpenicillin","company":"Wyeth Ayerst"}],"globalPrevalence":2000000000},{"indication":"Skin ulcer","otherDrugs":[{"name":"sulfadiazine silver","slug":"sulfadiazine-silver","company":"King Pharms"}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Toxoplasmosis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"pyrimethamine","slug":"pyrimethamine","company":"Amedra Pharms"},{"name":"sulfamethoxazole","slug":"sulfamethoxazole","company":"Monarch Pharms"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A","novelty":"First-in-class","targets":[{"gene":"HTR2A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A"},{"gene":"HTR2B","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B"},{"gene":"AURKA","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Aurora kinase A","protein":"Aurora kinase A"},{"gene":"SLC5A7","source":"DrugCentral","target":"High affinity choline transporter 1","protein":"High affinity choline transporter 1"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"Sulfonamide Antibacterial [EPC]","explanation":"","oneSentence":"","technicalDetail":"Sulfadiazine acts as a competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthase, an enzyme essential for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, a precursor to folic acid. By blocking this enzyme, sulfadiazine prevents the bacteria from producing folic acid, which is necessary for DNA synthesis and cell division."},"commercial":{"launchDate":"1941","_launchSource":"DrugCentral (FDA 1941-08-11, LEDERLE)"},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/2500","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=SULFADIAZINE","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=SULFADIAZINE","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-approvals-and-databases/orange-book-data-files","fields":["patents","exclusivity","genericManufacturers"],"source":"FDA Orange Book"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T15:44:13.707316","_validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T00:45:19.295264+00:00","fieldsConflicting":1,"overallConfidence":0.8},"biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"sulfamethoxazole","drugSlug":"sulfamethoxazole","fdaApproval":"1973-07-30","genericCount":6,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"sulfadiazine","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Burn Wound Infections","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Chorioretinitis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":46627006,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Congenital toxoplasmosis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":73893000,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Encephalitis due to Toxoplasmosis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Minor Bacterial Skin Infections","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Rheumatic Fever Prevention","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":null,"globalPrevalence":2000000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Common symptom, not a disease"},{"name":"Skin ulcer","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":46742003,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Toxoplasmosis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":187192000,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Toxoplasmosis associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":421666009,"regulator":"FDA"},{"name":"Ulcerative colitis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":64766004,"regulator":"FDA","usPrevalence":900000,"globalPrevalence":5000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"Lancet Gastroenterology, 2023"}],"offLabel":[{"name":"Collagenous colitis","source":"DrugCentral","drugName":"SULFADIAZINE"},{"name":"Crohn's disease","source":"DrugCentral","drugName":"SULFADIAZINE"},{"name":"Juvenile rheumatoid 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