{"id":"subcutaneous-sc-abatacept","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"20-30","effect":"Infection (upper respiratory, urinary tract)"},{"rate":"10-15","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Injection site reactions"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1201823","moleculeType":"Protein"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"anthropic-haiku","explanation":"Abatacept (CTLA4-Ig) acts as a selective costimulation modulator that interrupts the second signal required for full T-cell activation. By binding to CD80 and CD86 molecules on dendritic cells and other antigen-presenting cells, it prevents interaction with CD28 on T cells, effectively suppressing the adaptive immune response. This mechanism makes it particularly useful in autoimmune conditions where T-cell-mediated inflammation drives disease pathology.","oneSentence":"Abatacept is a fusion protein that blocks T-cell costimulation by binding to CD80/CD86 on antigen-presenting cells, thereby inhibiting T-cell activation and proliferation.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:36:34.154Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Rheumatoid arthritis"},{"name":"Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis"},{"name":"Psoriatic arthritis"},{"name":"Ankylosing spondylitis"},{"name":"Adult-onset Still's disease"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07161999","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of COYA 302 for the Treatment of ALS","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Coya Therapeutics","startDate":"2025-10-01","conditions":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT03929601","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Rituximab-pvvr and Abatacept vs Rituximab-pvvr Alone in New Onset Type 1 Diabetes","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)","startDate":"2023-10-30","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":74},{"nctId":"NCT04909801","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Compare the Response to Treatment With Abatacept vs Adalimumab, on Background Methotrexate, in Adults With Early, Seropositive, and Shared Epitope-positive Rheumatoid Arthritis and an Inadequate Response to Methotrexate","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","startDate":"2021-09-15","conditions":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","enrollment":338},{"nctId":"NCT04118153","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Early Markers of Disease and Response to Therapy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sandra Lord, MD","startDate":"2021-03-05","conditions":"Type 1 Diabetes","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT02971683","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Abatacept in Combination With Standard Therapy Compared to Standard Therapy Alone in Improving Disease Activity in Adults With Active Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","startDate":"2017-05-04","conditions":"Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis, Autoimmune Necrotizing Myopathy","enrollment":149},{"nctId":"NCT03188081","phase":"","title":"A Study to Investigate the Effectiveness of an Education Support Program on Medication Adherence in Italian Real Life Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients Treated With Subcutaneous (SC) Abatacept","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","startDate":"2017-08-02","conditions":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","enrollment":171},{"nctId":"NCT03669861","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Abatacept in IgG4-Related Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Massachusetts General Hospital","startDate":"2018-11-13","conditions":"IgG4-related Disease","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT02504268","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Effects of Abatacept in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","startDate":"2015-09-03","conditions":"Rheumatoid Arthritis","enrollment":994},{"nctId":"NCT02053727","phase":"NA","title":"Abatacept vs Placebo in RA Patients With Hepatitis B on Entecavir Background","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"University of California, Los Angeles","startDate":"2014-07","conditions":"Rheumatoid Arthritis, Chronic Hepatitis B","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT02161406","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of Subcutaneous Abatacept to Treat Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Dinesh Khanna, MD, MS","startDate":"2014-09","conditions":"Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis","enrollment":88},{"nctId":"NCT02067910","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Abatacept in Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Medical Center Groningen","startDate":"2014-08","conditions":"Sjögren's Syndrome","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT02018042","phase":"PHASE2","title":"An Open-Label Single-Arm Clinical Trial to Evaluate The Efficacy of Abatacept in Moderate to Severe Patch Type Alopecia Areata","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Columbia University","startDate":"2013-09","conditions":"Alopecia Areata","enrollment":15},{"nctId":"NCT03274141","phase":"","title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of a Treat-to-target (T2T) Disease Management Strategy vs. Routine Care (RC) in Adult Patients With Moderate to Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Treated With Subcutaneous Abatacept (Orencia - 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