{"id":"spironolactone-and-furosemide","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hyperkalemia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hyponatremia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dehydration"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypotension"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Gynecomastia (spironolactone)"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Ototoxicity (furosemide at high doses)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic and aldosterone antagonist that reduces sodium and water reabsorption in the collecting duct while conserving potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that inhibits the Na-K-Cl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb, promoting significant sodium, chloride, and water excretion. Together, they provide complementary diuretic effects while offsetting each other's electrolyte disturbances—furosemide-induced hypokalemia is counteracted by spironolactone's potassium retention.","oneSentence":"Spironolactone blocks aldosterone to retain potassium while furosemide inhibits sodium reabsorption to promote diuresis, together managing fluid overload and electrolyte balance.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:08:55.852Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Heart failure with fluid overload"},{"name":"Edema associated with liver cirrhosis or renal disease"},{"name":"Hypertension with concurrent need for potassium conservation"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07223502","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study Comparing the Clinical Benefit of Finerenone Versus a Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) of Extended-Release Torsemide and Spironolactone in Patients With Hypertension and Chronic Kidney 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Used for Heart failure with fluid overload, Edema associated with liver cirrhosis or renal disease, Hypertension with concurrent need for potassium conservation.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}