{"id":"sglt2i-metformin-linagliptin","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Genital mycotic infections"},{"rate":"3-8","effect":"Urinary tract infections"},{"rate":"1-5","effect":"Hypoglycemia"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Gastrointestinal disturbances"},{"rate":"2-5","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"2-5","effect":"Nasopharyngitis"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1431","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"129.17"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"SGLT2 inhibitors promote urinary glucose excretion independent of insulin. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves peripheral insulin sensitivity. Linagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, increases active GLP-1 and GIP levels, stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon. Together, these agents provide synergistic glycemic control with complementary mechanisms of action.","oneSentence":"This triple-combination therapy reduces blood glucose through three complementary mechanisms: blocking renal glucose reabsorption (SGLT2i), enhancing insulin secretion and sensitivity (metformin), and inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 to prolong incretin action (linagliptin).","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:07:43.252Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05220917","phase":"","title":"Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Four Second Line Pharmacological Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Study","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","startDate":"2021-08-01","conditions":"Cardiovascular Events, Type2 Diabetes, Renal Disease","enrollment":781430},{"nctId":"NCT07019012","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Cofrogliptin Once Every 2 Weeks as Add-on Therapy to Metformin and Dapagliflozin Versus Daily Linagliptin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","startDate":"2025-07-30","conditions":"T2DM","enrollment":170},{"nctId":"NCT03918148","phase":"","title":"Gliflozins and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes (GIOIA)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli","startDate":"2018-01-15","conditions":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","enrollment":1150}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"SGLT2i+Metformin+Linagliptin","genericName":"SGLT2i+Metformin+Linagliptin","companyName":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","companyId":"huazhong-university-of-science-and-technology","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"This triple-combination therapy reduces blood glucose through three complementary mechanisms: blocking renal glucose reabsorption (SGLT2i), enhancing insulin secretion and sensitivity (metformin), and inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 to prolong incretin action (linagliptin). Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}