{"id":"salbutamol-ipratropium-bromide-nebules","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Tremor"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Headache"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Palpitations"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dry mouth"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nervousness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Tachycardia"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL2134724","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"430.38"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that increases intracellular cAMP, causing rapid airway smooth muscle relaxation. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic agent that blocks M3 muscarinic receptors on airway smooth muscle, preventing acetylcholine-induced constriction. Together, they provide complementary bronchodilation through different pathways, resulting in improved airflow and symptom relief in obstructive airway diseases.","oneSentence":"Salbutamol and ipratropium bromide work together as a combination bronchodilator—salbutamol activates beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax airway smooth muscle, while ipratropium blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors to prevent bronchoconstriction.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:06:29.761Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)"},{"name":"Acute bronchospasm in obstructive airway disease"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06918418","phase":"PHASE4","title":"A Comparative Study of Adding Ipratropium to Salbutamol for the Treatment of Asthma Attack in Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan","startDate":"2024-01-01","conditions":"Asthma Exacerbation, Children","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT00180843","phase":"NA","title":"Assessment of Ventilation-perfusion Abnormalities in Patients With Stable Smoking-related Airways Disease","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Imperial College London","startDate":"2005-09","conditions":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","enrollment":2}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":3,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["albuterol","Ventolin","Atrovent","Albuterol"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"salbutamol + ipratropium bromide nebules","genericName":"salbutamol + ipratropium bromide nebules","companyName":"Imperial College London","companyId":"imperial-college-london","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Salbutamol and ipratropium bromide work together as a combination bronchodilator—salbutamol activates beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax airway smooth muscle, while ipratropium blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors to prevent bronchoconstriction. Used for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Acute bronchospasm in obstructive airway disease.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}