{"id":"s-ketamine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Dissociation"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Increased blood pressure"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Tachycardia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hallucinations"}]},"_chembl":null,"_fixedAt":"2026-03-30T13:12:42.221427","_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"S(+) ketamine, the active enantiomer of ketamine, preferentially antagonizes N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors on glutamatergic neurons. This blockade interrupts excitatory neurotransmission and produces dissociative anesthesia, analgesia, and sedation. The S(+) enantiomer is approximately 3-4 times more potent than the racemic mixture and has a faster onset and shorter duration of action.","oneSentence":"S(+) ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist that blocks glutamate signaling in the brain, producing rapid-onset anesthetic and analgesic effects.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:37:27.699Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Anesthesia induction and maintenance"},{"name":"Acute pain management"},{"name":"Treatment-resistant depression (emerging indication)"}]},"_fixedFields":["pubmed(933)"],"trialDetails":[],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[{"count":5,"reaction":"DRUG INEFFECTIVE"},{"count":3,"reaction":"CARDIAC ARREST"},{"count":2,"reaction":"ABDOMINAL DISTENSION"},{"count":2,"reaction":"ANAEMIA"},{"count":2,"reaction":"ANAPHYLACTIC REACTION"},{"count":2,"reaction":"BLOOD COUNT ABNORMAL"},{"count":2,"reaction":"COAGULOPATHY"},{"count":2,"reaction":"COMPLETED SUICIDE"},{"count":2,"reaction":"DRUG INTERACTION"},{"count":2,"reaction":"DYSPHONIA"}],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":933,"recentPublications":[{"date":"2026 Mar","pmid":"41904968","title":"Clinical applications of esketamine: Current status and future perspectives.","journal":"The Journal of international medical research"},{"date":"2026 Mar 23","pmid":"41881297","title":"N,N-dimethyltryptamine elicits antidepressant and anxiolytic effects in helpless mice: a comparative study with S-ketamine.","journal":"Neuropharmacology"},{"date":"2026","pmid":"41878200","title":"S-ketamine plus dexmedetomidine vs. S-ketamine plus propofol for sedation-analgesia during positioning for spinal anesthesia in older adults undergoing lower extremity fracture surgery.","journal":"Frontiers in neurology"},{"date":"2026 Mar 21","pmid":"41871813","title":"Ketamine-induced changes in accumbal glutamate and their association with altered states of consciousness.","journal":"Brain research bulletin"},{"date":"2026 Mar 18","pmid":"41848637","title":"Comparative EEG analysis of the effects of ketamine enantiomers and metabolites in rhesus macaques.","journal":"Journal of neurophysiology"}],"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"S (+) Ketamine","genericName":"S (+) Ketamine","companyName":"Asker & Baerum Hospital","companyId":"asker-baerum-hospital","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"S(+) ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist that blocks glutamate signaling in the brain, producing rapid-onset anesthetic and analgesic effects. Used for Anesthesia induction and maintenance, Acute pain management, Treatment-resistant depression (emerging indication).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":false,"score":3}}