{"id":"roflumilast-conventional-dosage","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"15-20","effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":"10-15","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Weight loss"},{"rate":"5-10","effect":"Abdominal pain"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"By inhibiting PDE-4, roflumilast prevents the breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), leading to elevated cAMP levels in inflammatory cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. This elevation suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, thereby reducing airway inflammation and mucus production. The drug is used to reduce exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly those with chronic bronchitis.","oneSentence":"Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor that reduces inflammation by increasing intracellular cAMP levels in immune and structural cells.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:37:20.698Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with chronic bronchitis to reduce exacerbations"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05684484","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Role of Roflumilast in Ulcerative Colitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2023-02-01","conditions":"Ulcerative Colitis","enrollment":52},{"nctId":"NCT02018432","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Strategy to Improve Adherence of Roflumilast","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Asan Medical Center","startDate":"2013-12","conditions":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","enrollment":80}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Daxas"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Roflumilast conventional dosage","genericName":"Roflumilast conventional dosage","companyName":"Asan Medical Center","companyId":"asan-medical-center","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitor that reduces inflammation by increasing intracellular cAMP levels in immune and structural cells. Used for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with chronic bronchitis to reduce exacerbations.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}