{"id":"riboflavin-dextran","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Corneal haze"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Temporary vision reduction"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Corneal scarring"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dry eye"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"This combination is used in corneal cross-linking, a procedure to strengthen corneal tissue and halt progression of keratoconus and corneal ectasia. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) absorbs ultraviolet-A light and generates singlet oxygen that creates covalent cross-links between collagen fibers, increasing corneal rigidity. Dextran serves as a carrier and osmotic agent to maintain corneal clarity and proper hydration during the photochemical reaction.","oneSentence":"Riboflavin is activated by light to generate reactive oxygen species that cross-link corneal collagen, while dextran acts as an osmotic agent to facilitate corneal hydration during the procedure.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:32:07.222Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Keratoconus (progressive)"},{"name":"Post-refractive surgery corneal ectasia"},{"name":"Corneal weakening and ectasia prevention"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06753916","phase":"PHASE2","title":"ExCrossV Multi Site Trial for Vascularized High Risk Keratoplasty","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary","startDate":"2025-04-01","conditions":"Corneal Transplant Failure","enrollment":96},{"nctId":"NCT07173907","phase":"","title":"Epi-on CuRV and Epi-off aCXL Protocols in the Management of Keratoconus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Gemini Eye Clinic","startDate":"2016-01-01","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":135},{"nctId":"NCT04097730","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Steroids and Cross-linking for Ulcer Treatment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Thomas M. Lietman","startDate":"2020-09-24","conditions":"Keratitis Bacterial","enrollment":280},{"nctId":"NCT00560651","phase":"","title":"German Corneal Cross Linking Register","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Suphi Taneri","startDate":"2007-11","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":7500},{"nctId":"NCT05870566","phase":"NA","title":"Pretreatment to Promote Graft Survival After Subsequent High-risk Corneal Transplantation [CrossCornealVision]","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Claus Cursiefen","startDate":"2023-11-20","conditions":"Corneal Transplantation","enrollment":110},{"nctId":"NCT01604135","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus - a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","startDate":"2012-05","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":36},{"nctId":"NCT03041883","phase":"NA","title":"Corneal Collagen Crosslinking to Increase the Resistance of the Support Graft of the KPro Type I Against Corneal Melting","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM)","startDate":"2017-01-04","conditions":"Corneal Melting in Boston Keratoprosthesis Type I","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT03319082","phase":"","title":"Observational Registry to Assess the Durability of Effect of CXL in Patients With Corneal Ectasia After Refractive Surgery","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Glaukos Corporation","startDate":"2017-10-04","conditions":"Corneal Ectasia","enrollment":200},{"nctId":"NCT02863809","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Vision Restoration With a Collagen Crosslinked Boston Keratoprosthesis Unit","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Joseph B. Ciolino, MD","startDate":"2017-03-15","conditions":"Keratolysis","enrollment":76},{"nctId":"NCT01152541","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Progressive Keratoconus and Ectasia Using Riboflavin/Dextran and Hypotonic Riboflavin","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cornea and Laser Eye Institute","startDate":"2010-06","conditions":"Keratoconus, Corneal Ectasia","enrollment":160},{"nctId":"NCT01464268","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Transepithelial Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus and Corneal Ectasia","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cornea and Laser Eye Institute","startDate":"2011-11","conditions":"Keratoconus, Corneal Ectasia","enrollment":160},{"nctId":"NCT04584125","phase":"NA","title":"A Randomized Clinical Trial of Ex Vivo Corneal Cross-Linking of Donor Keratoplasty Tissue for Keratoconus Used for Keratoplasty in Keratoconus Patients","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Joseph B. Ciolino, MD","startDate":"2023-12-01","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":216},{"nctId":"NCT04897503","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Corneal Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus and Ectasia Using Riboflavin/Dextran or Riboflavin/Methylcellulose","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cornea and Laser Eye Institute","startDate":"2021-04-16","conditions":"Keratoconus, Corneal Ectasia","enrollment":170},{"nctId":"NCT01893359","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking Following LASIK for Treatment of Hyperopia and Hyperopic Astigmatism","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Glaukos Corporation","startDate":"2013-08","conditions":"Hyperopia, Hyperopic Astigmatism","enrollment":2},{"nctId":"NCT03187912","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Accelerated Corneal Cross-linking With Different Riboflavin Solutions","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Medical University of Vienna","startDate":"2016-09-19","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT02117999","phase":"NA","title":"Transepithelial Corneal Cross-linking Using Iontophoresis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Fondazione G.B. Bietti, IRCCS","startDate":"2014-01","conditions":"Progressive Keratoconus","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT03753009","phase":"","title":"Iontophoretic Transepithelial Collagen Cross-linking Versus Epithelium-off Collagen Cross-linking in Pediatric Patients. Three Year Follow up.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bambino Gesù Hospital and Research Institute","startDate":"2013-01-01","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":28},{"nctId":"NCT03598634","phase":"NA","title":"Epi Off Versus Epi on Corneal Collagen Cross-linking in Keratoconus Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Molise","startDate":"2014-06-01","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT03224013","phase":"NA","title":"Hyperopic LASIK With Crosslinking Versus Standard LASIK","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Minia University","startDate":"2016-01-18","conditions":"Hyperopia","enrollment":25},{"nctId":"NCT01471873","phase":"","title":"Variability of Pentacam-derived Back Elevation Measurements in Keratoconus and Cross-linked Corneas","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Democritus University of Thrace","startDate":"2011-03","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":67},{"nctId":"NCT01527721","phase":"NA","title":"Blurring Strength & Aberrometric Changes Following Corneal Cross-linking (CxL) and CxL Combined With Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) in Keratoconus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Democritus University of Thrace","startDate":"2010-09","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT02507362","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Adapted Fluence Settings for Corneal Collagen Cross-linking in Mild to Moderate Progressive Keratoconus","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","startDate":"2014-08","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT02456961","phase":"NA","title":"Standard Corneal Collagen Crosslinking Versus Transepithelial Corneal Crosslinking by Iontophoresis of Riboflavin","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Ufa Eye Research Institute","startDate":"2010-01","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":126},{"nctId":"NCT01411384","phase":"NA","title":"Evaluation of Corneal Hysteresis and Corneal Resistance Factor After Corneal Cross-linking for Keratoconus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Democritus University of Thrace","startDate":"2008-04","conditions":"Progressive Keratoconus","enrollment":80},{"nctId":"NCT01527708","phase":"","title":"Accuracy of Curvature and Wavefront Aberrations of Posterior Corneal Surface, in Keratoconic and Post-CXL Corneas","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Democritus University of Thrace","startDate":"2011-09","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":129},{"nctId":"NCT00777322","phase":"NA","title":"T-Cat Laser & Cross-linking for Keratoconus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust","startDate":"2008-10","conditions":"Keratoconus, Pellucid Marginal Degeneration","enrollment":15},{"nctId":"NCT01123057","phase":"NA","title":"Riboflavin-UVA Induced Collagen Crosslinking Treatment for Corneal Ectasia","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Singapore National Eye Centre","startDate":"2008-08","conditions":"Corneal Ectasia","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT00841386","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Treatment of Keratoconus Using Collagen Cross-Linking","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University at Buffalo","startDate":"2008-09","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT00435799","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Evaluating Collagen Cross-Linking (CCL) Treatment in Norway","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Ullevaal University Hospital","startDate":"2007-02","conditions":"Keratoconus","enrollment":40}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":20,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Riboflavin in a dextran solution"],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Riboflavin/Dextran","genericName":"Riboflavin/Dextran","companyName":"Cornea and Laser Eye Institute","companyId":"cornea-and-laser-eye-institute","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Riboflavin is activated by light to generate reactive oxygen species that cross-link corneal collagen, while dextran acts as an osmotic agent to facilitate corneal hydration during the procedure. Used for Keratoconus (progressive), Post-refractive surgery corneal ectasia, Corneal weakening and ectasia prevention.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}