{"id":"procedural-sedation-with-ketamine-alone","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Dissociation/emergence reactions"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Increased heart rate and blood pressure"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea and vomiting"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Transient visual disturbances"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL742","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"237.73"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Ketamine blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors in the central nervous system, producing dissociative anesthesia characterized by sedation, analgesia, and preserved airway reflexes. This mechanism allows patients to remain responsive while achieving adequate sedation for painful procedures, with the added benefit of analgesia that reduces the need for opioids.","oneSentence":"Ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist that produces rapid-onset dissociative sedation and analgesia suitable for procedural use.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:02:44.136Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Procedural sedation and analgesia for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT04195256","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Plus Ketamine for Procedural Sedation","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Naveen Poonai","startDate":"2020-03-11","conditions":"Fracture, Dislocation","enrollment":400},{"nctId":"NCT06383273","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of MELT-300 for Procedural Sedation in Subjects Undergoing Cataract Extraction With Lens Replacement (CELR)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Melt Pharmaceuticals","startDate":"2024-05-01","conditions":"Cataract","enrollment":528},{"nctId":"NCT05474937","phase":"NA","title":"Inhalation of Sevoflurane Versus Intravenous Midazolam,Ketamine,Propofol For Pediatrics Undergoing Upper GI Endoscopy","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Zagazig University","startDate":"2022-06-01","conditions":"Upper GI Bleeding","enrollment":74},{"nctId":"NCT03560102","phase":"NA","title":"Efficacy of Magnetic Resonance-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound for the Ablation of Breast Cancer","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Kantonsspital Winterthur KSW","startDate":"2020-01-13","conditions":"Breast Cancer, Invasive Ductal","enrollment":1},{"nctId":"NCT03647579","phase":"NA","title":"Dexmedetomidine Versus Midazolam Added to Ketamine in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2018-08-30","conditions":"Procedural Sedation and Analgesia During Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT04028141","phase":"","title":"Evaluation of a New Protocol for Adult Procedural Sedation With Ketamine-propofol in a 1 on 4 Ratio","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital, Ghent","startDate":"2018-02-01","conditions":"Procedural Sedation and Analgesia","enrollment":61},{"nctId":"NCT02402868","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Intranasal Versus Intravenous Ketamine for Procedural Sedation in Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's","startDate":"2016-01","conditions":"Bone Fractures","enrollment":17},{"nctId":"NCT01387139","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Ketamine Versus Co-administration of Ketamine and Propofol for Procedural Sedation in a Pediatric Emergency Department","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Colorado, Denver","startDate":"2011-01","conditions":"Procedural Sedation and Analgesia","enrollment":183},{"nctId":"NCT01544725","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Ketamine-propofol Versus Ketamine Alone for Procedural Sedation in Adults","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice","startDate":"2012-04","conditions":"Fracture, Dislocation","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT01191398","phase":"NA","title":"Effectiveness of Atropine and Glycopyrrolate to Reduce Hyper Salivation With Ketamine Sedation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Craig J. Huang","startDate":"2010-06","conditions":"Sialorrhea","enrollment":52},{"nctId":"NCT00387556","phase":"NA","title":"Ondansetron Reduce Vomiting Associated With Ketamine PSA","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Colorado, Denver","startDate":"2002-12","conditions":"Conscious Sedation","enrollment":268}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":25,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Procedural sedation with ketamine alone","genericName":"Procedural sedation with ketamine alone","companyName":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice","companyId":"centre-hospitalier-universitaire-de-nice","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Procedural sedation with ketamine alone is used in various medical procedures, including fracture management, dislocation treatment, upper GI bleeding management, and bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Ketamine is a small molecule with a mechanism of action that is not specified in the provided information, but it is used intranasally in some cases, such as in combination with dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation in children.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}