{"id":"placebo-for-galantamine","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1555","moleculeType":"Small molecule","molecularWeight":"368.27"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Placebo is an inactive substance used as a comparator in randomized controlled trials to assess the efficacy of active drugs like galantamine through blinded study designs. It relies on the placebo effect—the therapeutic benefit arising from patient expectation and the clinical trial context rather than any intrinsic pharmacological activity. This allows researchers to isolate the true drug effect from psychological and contextual factors.","oneSentence":"Placebo produces no pharmacological effect and serves as an inert control in clinical trials.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:00:52.932Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Control arm in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (as comparator to galantamine)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT01508494","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Cognitive Rehabilitation and Galantamine for Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France","startDate":"2011-06-29","conditions":"Stroke, Cognitive Impairment","enrollment":47},{"nctId":"NCT04769206","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Enhancing Parasympathetic Activity to Improve Endothelial Dysfunction, Vascular Oxidative Stress in African Americans","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","startDate":"2021-12-20","conditions":"Endothelial Dysfunction","enrollment":46},{"nctId":"NCT03384784","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Effect of Galantamine on Inflammation and Cognition","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Pennsylvania","startDate":"2017-10-30","conditions":"HIV Associated Cognitive Motor Complex","enrollment":63},{"nctId":"NCT03454646","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Comparison of Therapeutic Strategies With Cholinesterase Inhibitors (SOS TRIAL)","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University Hospital, Bordeaux","startDate":"2024-06-01","conditions":"Alzheimer Disease, Cholinesterase Inhibitors","enrollment":1205},{"nctId":"NCT03547622","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Galantamine and CBT4CBT Pilot to Prevent Relapse.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Yale University","startDate":"2018-05-01","conditions":"Methadone or Buprenorphine Detoxoxification","enrollment":6},{"nctId":"NCT01012167","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Oxytocin or Galantamine Versus Placebo for the Treatment of Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","startDate":"2010-02","conditions":"Schizophrenia","enrollment":86},{"nctId":"NCT02872857","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Recovery And Galantamine","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston","startDate":"2016-09","conditions":"Subarachnoid Hemorrhage","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT00176423","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Efficacy Study of Galantamine for Cognitive Impairments in Schizophrenia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Maryland, Baltimore","startDate":"2002-05","conditions":"Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder","enrollment":117},{"nctId":"NCT01880099","phase":"NA","title":"A Study to Help People Quit Smoking.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Yale University","startDate":"2013-12","conditions":"Nicotine Dependence","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT02365285","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Racial Differences in Vagal Control of Glucose Homeostasis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","startDate":"2015-03","conditions":"Obesity","enrollment":23},{"nctId":"NCT01669538","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Effect of Galantamine on Short-term Abstinence","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Pennsylvania","startDate":"2012-08","conditions":"Tobacco Use Disorder","enrollment":98},{"nctId":"NCT00809835","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Galantamine to Enhance Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Cocaine Abuse","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Yale University","startDate":"2007-12","conditions":"Cocaine Dependence","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT01531153","phase":"NA","title":"Cognitive Enhancement as a Target for Cocaine Pharmacotherapy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Yale University","startDate":"2011-09","conditions":"Addiction","enrollment":93},{"nctId":"NCT01852110","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Efficacy and Safety of MK-7622 as Adjunct Therapy in Participants With Alzheimer's Disease (MK-7622-012)","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC","startDate":"2013-10-22","conditions":"Alzheimer's Disease","enrollment":240},{"nctId":"NCT03014323","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Racial Differences in Vagal Control of Glucose Homeostasis, Chronic Study","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","startDate":"2017-01","conditions":"Insulin Sensitivity, Oxidative Stress","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00509067","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Use of Galantamine and CDP-choline (Citicoline) to Treat Adults With Schizophrenia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Georgetown University","startDate":"2007-11","conditions":"Schizophrenia","enrollment":43},{"nctId":"NCT01677754","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Study of RO4602522 in Participants With Moderate Severity Alzheimer Disease on Background Alzheimer Disease Therapy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hoffmann-La Roche","startDate":"2012-10-24","conditions":"Alzheimer's Disease","enrollment":542},{"nctId":"NCT01194336","phase":"","title":"Evaluation of Three Potential Central Nervous System (CNS) Pretreatments for Soman Exposure on Human Performance","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command","startDate":"2012-02","conditions":"Biomarkers, Pharmacological","enrollment":84},{"nctId":"NCT00741598","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Efficacy and Safety of Galantamine for Improving Dysfunction in People With Bipolar Disorder","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai","startDate":"2008-09","conditions":"Bipolar Disorder","enrollment":72},{"nctId":"NCT02035982","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Discontinuation of Cholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Alzheimer's Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre","startDate":"2010-07","conditions":"Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT02283242","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Galantamine Effects in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Sao Paulo","startDate":"2014-03","conditions":"Abdominal Obesity Metabolic Syndrome","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT00814801","phase":"PHASE3","title":"An Efficacy and Safety Study of Galantamine for the Treatment of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K.","startDate":"2007-02","conditions":"Alzheimer's Disease","enrollment":580},{"nctId":"NCT00814658","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Use of Galantamine (Reminyl ER) in Patients With MIXed Dementia: Effects on Cognition and Quality of Life","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Janssen-Cilag Farmaceutica Ltda.","startDate":"2008-06","conditions":"Dementia","enrollment":22},{"nctId":"NCT01921972","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Efficacy of a Combination Regimen in Patients With Mild to Moderate Probable Alzheimer's Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Charite University, Berlin, Germany","startDate":"2004-11","conditions":"Alzheimer's Disease","enrollment":232},{"nctId":"NCT01416948","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Cognitive REmediation After Trauma Exposure Trial = CREATE Trial","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"INTRuST, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - Traumatic Brain Injury Clinical Consortium","startDate":"2011-08","conditions":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT00969696","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Galantamine Effects on Cognitive Function in Marijuana Users","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Yale University","startDate":"2009-08","conditions":"Memory","enrollment":29},{"nctId":"NCT00297414","phase":"","title":"An Observational Study for Analysis of Mortality in Participants Who Participated in Previous 3 Studies of Galantamine","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.","startDate":"2004-06","conditions":"Mild Cognitive Impairment","enrollment":1083},{"nctId":"NCT00236574","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Galantamine in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.","startDate":"2001-05","conditions":"Dementia, Alzheimer Disease","enrollment":974},{"nctId":"NCT00236431","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Galantamine in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.","startDate":"2001-05","conditions":"Dementia, Alzheimer Disease","enrollment":1063},{"nctId":"NCT00301574","phase":"PHASE3","title":"An Efficacy and Safety Study of Galantamine for the Treatment of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K.","startDate":"2001-04","conditions":"Alzheimer Disease","enrollment":398},{"nctId":"NCT01129479","phase":"NA","title":"Galantamine Treatment for Nonfluent Aphasia in Stroke Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill","startDate":"2004-10","conditions":"Aphasia, Stroke","enrollment":8},{"nctId":"NCT00523666","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Diffusion Tensor Weighted MRI in Alzheimer's Disease Modifying Treatment Effects of Galantamine (Reminyl®)","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich","startDate":"2006-09","conditions":"Alzheimer's Disease","enrollment":20}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":302,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Placebo"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Placebo (for galantamine)","genericName":"Placebo (for galantamine)","companyName":"University of Sao Paulo","companyId":"university-of-sao-paulo","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Placebo produces no pharmacological effect and serves as an inert control in clinical trials. Used for Control arm in clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (as comparator to galantamine).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":3}}