{"id":"piribedil","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"piribedil","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor","category":"target"},{"label":"ADRA2C","category":"gene"},{"label":"ADRA2A","category":"gene"},{"label":"DRD2","category":"gene"},{"label":"N04BC08","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Parkinsonism","category":"indication"},{"label":"Anti-Dyskinesia Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Antiparkinson Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Central Nervous System Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Dopamine Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Dopamine Agonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Neurotransmitter Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"phase_3","safety":{"safetySignals":[{"llr":63.987,"date":"","count":38,"signal":"Fall","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 38 times (LLR=64)"},{"llr":59.128,"date":"","count":12,"signal":"Facial bones fracture","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 12 times (LLR=59)"},{"llr":50.26,"date":"","count":7,"signal":"Dropped head syndrome","source":"DrugCentral FAERS","actionTaken":"Reported 7 times (LLR=50)"}],"commonSideEffects":[{"effect":"Fall","drugRate":"LLR 64","severity":"common"},{"effect":"Facial bones fracture","drugRate":"LLR 59","severity":"common"},{"effect":"Dropped head syndrome","drugRate":"LLR 50","severity":"common"}]},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"trivastal","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["piribedil methanesulfonate","piribedil maleate","ET-495","piribedil","trivastal","trivastan","piribedil hydrochloride","piribedil HCl","EU 4200","EU-4200"],"timeline":[],"approvals":[],"brandName":"Trivastal","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Parkinsonism","otherDrugs":[{"name":"amantadine","slug":"amantadine","company":"Endo Pharms"},{"name":"benzatropine","slug":"benzatropine","company":""},{"name":"biperiden","slug":"biperiden","company":"Abbvie"},{"name":"carbidopa","slug":"carbidopa","company":"Merck Sharp Dohme"}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor","targets":[{"gene":"ADRA2C","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor","protein":"Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"ADRA2A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor","protein":"Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"DRD2","source":"DrugCentral","target":"D(2) dopamine receptor","protein":"D(2) dopamine receptor"},{"gene":"ADRA1D","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor","protein":"Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"DRD3","source":"DrugCentral","target":"D(3) dopamine receptor","protein":"D(3) dopamine receptor"},{"gene":"ADRA2B","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor","protein":"Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"DRD4","source":"DrugCentral","target":"D(4) dopamine receptor","protein":"D(4) dopamine receptor"},{"gene":"HTR1A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A"},{"gene":"ADRA1A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor","protein":"Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor"},{"gene":"HTR2B","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"piribedil","explanation":"Think of the brain as a busy city with many different streets and intersections. Dopamine is like a traffic cop that helps to keep everything moving smoothly. When alpha-2C receptors are blocked, it's like removing a traffic jam, allowing dopamine to flow more freely and helping to alleviate symptoms of Parkinsonism.","oneSentence":"Trivastal works by blocking the alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, which helps to increase dopamine levels in the brain.","technicalDetail":"Trivastal acts as a selective antagonist of the alpha-2C adrenergic receptor, which is involved in the regulation of dopamine release in the striatum. By blocking this receptor, Trivastal increases the activity of dopamine neurons, leading to improved motor function in patients with Parkinsonism."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/2202","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=PIRIBEDIL","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=PIRIBEDIL","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T15:25:33.513253","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"bromocriptine","drugSlug":"bromocriptine","fdaApproval":"1978-06-28","patentExpiry":"Jun 7, 2030","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"pergolide","drugSlug":"pergolide","fdaApproval":"1988-12-30","genericCount":2,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"dihydroergocryptine","drugSlug":"dihydroergocryptine","fdaApproval":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"ropinirole","drugSlug":"ropinirole","fdaApproval":"1997-09-19","genericCount":19,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"pramipexole","drugSlug":"pramipexole","fdaApproval":"1997-07-01","patentExpiry":"Sep 8, 2029","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"cabergoline","drugSlug":"cabergoline","fdaApproval":"1996-12-23","genericCount":9,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"apomorphine","drugSlug":"apomorphine","fdaApproval":"2004-04-20","patentExpiry":"Jun 11, 2030","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"rotigotine","drugSlug":"rotigotine","fdaApproval":"2007-05-09","patentExpiry":"Sep 1, 2027","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"piribedil","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Parkinsonism","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":32798002,"regulator":"FDA"}],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"bromocriptine","brandName":"bromocriptine","genericName":"bromocriptine","approvalYear":"1978","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"pergolide","brandName":"pergolide","genericName":"pergolide","approvalYear":"1988","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"dihydroergocryptine","brandName":"dihydroergocryptine","genericName":"dihydroergocryptine","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"ropinirole","brandName":"ropinirole","genericName":"ropinirole","approvalYear":"1997","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"pramipexole","brandName":"pramipexole","genericName":"pramipexole","approvalYear":"1997","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"cabergoline","brandName":"cabergoline","genericName":"cabergoline","approvalYear":"1996","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"apomorphine","brandName":"apomorphine","genericName":"apomorphine","approvalYear":"2004","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"rotigotine","brandName":"rotigotine","genericName":"rotigotine","approvalYear":"2007","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT01519856","phase":"","title":"PIRLONG-PD Safety and Efficacy of Piribedil in Parkinson's Disease During Long Term Therapy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH","startDate":"2009-06","conditions":["Parkinson's Disease"],"enrollment":908,"completionDate":"2015-02"},{"nctId":"NCT01007864","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Influence of Piribedil (Clarium®) on Vigilance and Cognitive Function in Patients With Parkinson's Disease Compared to Other Non-Ergot Dopamine Agonists","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH","startDate":"2010-01","conditions":["Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease"],"enrollment":80,"completionDate":"2011-12"},{"nctId":"NCT00725478","phase":"","title":"SEDPARK1: Safety and Efficacy Study With the Non-ergot Dopamine-agonist Piribedil in Parkinson's Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH","startDate":"2008-01","conditions":["Parkinson's Disease"],"enrollment":250,"completionDate":"2008-06"},{"nctId":"NCT00727727","phase":"","title":"SEDPARK2: Post Marketing Surveillance to Observe Safety and Efficacy of Piribedil in Parkinson's Disease (PIR-002/K)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH","startDate":"2008-03","conditions":["Parkinson's Disease"],"enrollment":750,"completionDate":"2008-12"},{"nctId":"NCT00591994","phase":"NA","title":"Tinnitus Treatment With Piribedil Guided by Acoustic Otoemissions and Electrocochleography","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Faculdade de Medicina de Valenca","startDate":"2006-11","conditions":["Tinnitus"],"enrollment":100,"completionDate":""}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"crossReferences":{"NUI":"N0000167119","NDDF":"005711","UNII":"DO22K1PRDJ","CHEBI":"CHEBI:92833","INN_ID":"2569","RXNORM":"8353","UMLSCUI":"C0031979","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL1371770","KEGG_DRUG":"D07305","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB12478","PUBCHEM_CID":"4850","SNOMEDCT_US":"1173977003","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"49","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D010891"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":465,"therapeuticAreas":["Neuroscience"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"N04BC08","allCodes":["N04BC08"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Trivastal (PIRIBEDIL) is a small molecule drug that targets the alpha-2C adrenergic receptor. It is classified as a piribedil and is used to treat Parkinsonism. The commercial status of Trivastal is unclear, but it is approved for use in certain countries. Key safety considerations include its potential effects on blood pressure and heart rate. Trivastal is not FDA-approved.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}