{"id":"physiologic-saline-esmolol-dummy","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Minimal adverse events expected (inert vehicle)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Physiologic saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is an isotonic solution that mimics the osmolarity of blood plasma and serves as a neutral, inactive comparator in randomized controlled trials. When used as an 'esmolol dummy' or placebo, it allows researchers to isolate the pharmacological effects of esmolol (a beta-1 selective adrenergic antagonist) from non-specific effects of drug administration. This is a standard methodological approach in clinical pharmacology research.","oneSentence":"Physiologic saline is an inert control vehicle used in clinical research to provide a placebo comparator for esmolol efficacy studies.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:00:17.795Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Placebo control in esmolol clinical trials"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT03533179","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Glucagon's Cardiovascular Effects With and Without Beta-blocker-induced Cardioinhibition","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg","startDate":"2018-06-01","conditions":"Drug Overdose, Overdose of Beta-adrenergic Blocking Drug","enrollment":10}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["normal saline"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Physiologic saline - esmolol dummy","genericName":"Physiologic saline - esmolol dummy","companyName":"University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg","companyId":"university-hospital-bispebjerg-and-frederiksberg","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Physiologic saline is an inert control vehicle used in clinical research to provide a placebo comparator for esmolol efficacy studies. Used for Control/placebo comparator in esmolol clinical trials.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":1,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}