{"id":"orciprenaline","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"beta2-Adrenergic Agonist","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor","category":"target"},{"label":"ADRB2","category":"gene"},{"label":"R03AB03","category":"atc"},{"label":"Oral","category":"route"},{"label":"Syrup","category":"form"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Acute exacerbation of asthma","category":"indication"},{"label":"Asthma","category":"indication"},{"label":"Asthma management","category":"indication"},{"label":"Bronchitis","category":"indication"},{"label":"Bronchospasm Prevention","category":"indication"},{"label":"Pulmonary emphysema","category":"indication"},{"label":"Approved 1970s","category":"decade"},{"label":"Adrenergic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic Agonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic beta-Agonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Anti-Asthmatic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Bronchodilator Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Neurotransmitter Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Peripheral Nervous System Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Reproductive Control Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Respiratory System Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Sympathomimetics","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Tocolytic Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[],"contraindications":["Chronic heart failure","Diabetes mellitus","Disorder of coronary artery","Hypertensive disorder","Hyperthyroidism","Myocardial ischemia","Seizure disorder","Tachyarrhythmia"],"specialPopulations":{"Pregnancy":"Pregnancy Category C: Teratogenic effects have been shown in rabbits, but no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.","Paediatric use":"Safety and effectiveness in children below the age of have been demonstrated in limited number of patients."}},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=orciprenaline","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:38.663278+00:00"},"timeline":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orciprenaline","method":"deterministic","source":"Wikipedia","rawText":"","confidence":0.8,"sourceType":"wikipedia","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:44.909301+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:43.663344+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=orciprenaline","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:43.837226+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL1628446/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:44.533947+00:00"}},"allNames":"metaproterenol","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["metaproterenol","metaproterenol sulfate","orciprenaline","orciprenaline sulfate"],"timeline":[{"date":"1973-07-31","type":"positive","source":"DrugCentral","milestone":"FDA approval"}],"aiSummary":"Metaproterenol, also known as orciprenaline, is a small molecule that acts as a moderately selective β2 adrenergic receptor agonist. It is used in the treatment of asthma, a condition studied in various clinical trials, including those for bronchodilators and exercise capacity in bronchiectasis patients.","approvals":[{"date":"1973-07-31","orphan":false,"company":"","regulator":"FDA"}],"brandName":"Metaproterenol","ecosystem":[{"indication":"Acute exacerbation of asthma","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"},{"name":"epinephrine","slug":"epinephrine","company":""},{"name":"levosalbutamol","slug":"levosalbutamol","company":"Oak Pharms Inc"},{"name":"norepinephrine","slug":"norepinephrine","company":"Hospira"}],"globalPrevalence":262000000},{"indication":"Asthma","otherDrugs":[{"name":"beclometasone dipropionate","slug":"beclometasone-dipropionate","company":""},{"name":"betamethasone","slug":"betamethasone","company":""},{"name":"betamethasone acetate","slug":"betamethasone-acetate","company":""},{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"}],"globalPrevalence":262000000},{"indication":"Asthma management","otherDrugs":[{"name":"beclometasone dipropionate","slug":"beclometasone-dipropionate","company":""},{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"},{"name":"budesonide","slug":"budesonide","company":""},{"name":"ciclesonide","slug":"ciclesonide","company":"Takeda Gmbh"}],"globalPrevalence":262000000},{"indication":"Bronchitis","otherDrugs":[{"name":"acetylcysteine","slug":"acetylcysteine","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"amphotericin B","slug":"amphotericin-b","company":"Apothecon"},{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"},{"name":"cefixime","slug":"cefixime","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Bronchospasm Prevention","otherDrugs":[{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"},{"name":"cromoglicic acid","slug":"cromoglicic-acid","company":"King Pharms"},{"name":"levosalbutamol","slug":"levosalbutamol","company":"Oak Pharms Inc"},{"name":"pirbuterol","slug":"pirbuterol","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null},{"indication":"Pulmonary emphysema","otherDrugs":[{"name":"arformoterol","slug":"arformoterol","company":"Sunovion"},{"name":"bitolterol","slug":"bitolterol","company":"Sanofi Aventis Us"},{"name":"diprophylline","slug":"diprophylline","company":""},{"name":"epinephrine","slug":"epinephrine","company":""}],"globalPrevalence":null}],"mechanism":{"target":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor","novelty":"Follow-on","targets":[{"gene":"ADRB2","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor","protein":"Beta-2 adrenergic receptor"}],"moaClass":"Adrenergic beta2-Agonists","modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"beta2-Adrenergic Agonist","explanation":"","oneSentence":"","technicalDetail":"Metaproterenol acts as a partial agonist at the beta-2 adrenergic receptor, stimulating adenylate cyclase activity and increasing intracellular cyclic AMP levels, which leads to the relaxation of airway smooth muscle and bronchodilation."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orciprenaline","title":"Orciprenaline","extract":"Orciprenaline, also known as metaproterenol, is a bronchodilator used in the treatment of asthma. Orciprenaline is a moderately selective β2 adrenergic receptor agonist that stimulates receptors of the smooth muscle in the lungs, uterus, and vasculature supplying skeletal muscle, with minimal or no effect on α adrenergic receptors. The pharmacologic effects of β adrenergic agonist drugs, such as orciprenaline, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through β adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenylyl cyclase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cAMP. Increased cAMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from many cells, especially from mast cells."},"commercial":{"launchDate":"1973","_launchSource":"DrugCentral (FDA 1973-07-31, )"},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/1720","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=orciprenaline","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=orciprenaline","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orciprenaline","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T15:08:46.619240","_validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:46.123123+00:00","fieldsConflicting":2,"overallConfidence":0.8},"biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"isoprenaline","drugSlug":"isoprenaline","fdaApproval":"1956-03-09","relationship":"same-class"}],"genericName":"orciprenaline","indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Acute exacerbation of asthma","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":708038006,"regulator":"FDA","eligibility":"No specific eligibility criteria mentioned","usPrevalence":25000000,"globalPrevalence":262000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"WHO, 2023"},{"name":"Asthma","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":195967001,"regulator":"FDA","eligibility":"No specific eligibility criteria mentioned","usPrevalence":25000000,"globalPrevalence":262000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"WHO, 2023"},{"name":"Asthma management","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":406162001,"regulator":"FDA","eligibility":"No specific eligibility criteria mentioned","usPrevalence":25000000,"globalPrevalence":262000000,"prevalenceMethod":"curated","prevalenceSource":"WHO, 2023"},{"name":"Bronchitis","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":32398004,"regulator":"FDA","eligibility":"No specific eligibility criteria mentioned"},{"name":"Bronchospasm Prevention","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":"","regulator":"FDA","eligibility":"No specific eligibility criteria mentioned"},{"name":"Pulmonary emphysema","source":"DrugCentral","snomedId":87433001,"regulator":"FDA","eligibility":"No specific eligibility criteria mentioned"}],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"isoprenaline","brandName":"isoprenaline","genericName":"isoprenaline","approvalYear":"1956","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05183841","phase":"NA","title":"Bronchodilators on the Exercise Capacity of Bronchiectasis Patients","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University of Sao Paulo General Hospital","startDate":"2022-04-14","conditions":["Bronchiectasis Adult"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2025-11"},{"nctId":"NCT05294965","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Beta 2 Adrenergic Stimulation vs Cold Exposure to Activate Human Brown Adipose Tissue","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland","startDate":"2022-04-27","conditions":["Thermogenesis"],"enrollment":12,"completionDate":"2023-03-06"},{"nctId":"NCT01933984","phase":"NA","title":"Individualized Dosing Schedule of Inhaled Bronchodilator for Endotracheally Intubated COPD Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Shin-hwar Wu","startDate":"2013-08","conditions":["Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"enrollment":51,"completionDate":"2019-01-31"},{"nctId":"NCT00274066","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Acute Bronchodilator Response of a Single Dose of Atrovent or Berotec on Top of Pharmacodynamic Steady State of Spiriva","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Boehringer Ingelheim","startDate":"2002-10","conditions":["Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive"],"enrollment":65,"completionDate":"2003-09"},{"nctId":"NCT01095016","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Meptin® Swinghaler and Berotec N® Metered Aerosol in Mild to Moderate Stable Asthma Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Taiwan Otsuka Pharm. Co., Ltd","startDate":"2010-03","conditions":["Asthma"],"enrollment":32,"completionDate":"2012-10"},{"nctId":"NCT00460577","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Efficacy of Formoterol vs Ipatropioum Bromide Plus Fenoterol in Children (5-<12 Years) With Acute Bronchial Obstruction","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Novartis","startDate":"2007-03","conditions":["Acute Bronchial Obstruction, Asthma"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2008-09"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"administration":{"route":"Oral","formulation":"Syrup","formulations":[{"form":"SYRUP","route":"ORAL","productName":"Metaproterenol Sulfate"}]},"crossReferences":{"NUI":"N0000147906","MMSL":"1956","NDDF":"001786","UNII":"53QOG569E0","VUID":"4019817","CHEBI":"CHEBI:6792","VANDF":"4018762","INN_ID":"1586","RXNORM":"6804","UMLSCUI":"C0029193","chemblId":"CHEMBL1628446","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL776","KEGG_DRUG":"D00685","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB00816","PUBCHEM_CID":"4086","SNOMEDCT_US":"372797004","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"7250","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"5874-97-5","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D009921"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"pharmacokinetics":{"source":"DrugCentral","halfLife":"6.41 hours","clearance":"14.07 mL/min/kg","fractionUnbound":"0.9%","volumeOfDistribution":"6.03 L/kg"},"publicationCount":446,"therapeuticAreas":["Respiratory"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"R03AB03","allCodes":["R03AB03","R03CB03","R03CB53"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"unknown","modality":"Small Molecule","firstApprovalDate":"1973","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":"1973-07-31T00:00:00.000Z","mah":"","brand_name_local":null,"application_number":""},{"country_code":"CA","regulator":"Health Canada","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"IL","regulator":"MOH","status":"likely_approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null},{"country_code":"SG","regulator":"HSA","status":"likely_approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null},{"country_code":"AE","regulator":"MOH","status":"likely_approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null},{"country_code":"KR","regulator":"MFDS","status":"likely_approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null},{"country_code":"AU","regulator":"TGA","status":"likely_approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null},{"country_code":"GB","regulator":"MHRA","status":"likely_approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null}],"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"validation":{"fieldsValidated":0,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T03:59:46.123123+00:00","fieldsConflicting":2,"overallConfidence":0.8},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":false,"indications":true,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}