{"id":"oral-administration-of-s-1","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"20-40","effect":"Bone marrow suppression (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)"},{"rate":"30-50","effect":"Gastrointestinal toxicity (nausea, diarrhea, anorexia)"},{"rate":"5-15","effect":"Hand-foot syndrome"},{"rate":"10-20","effect":"Stomatitis"},{"rate":"20-30","effect":"Fatigue"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"anthropic-haiku","explanation":"S-1 is a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase-inhibitory fluoropyrimidine prodrug combination. Tegafur is converted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), while gimeracil inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase to enhance 5-FU bioavailability and reduce toxicity, and oteracil protects normal tissues. This combination achieves sustained anti-cancer effects with improved tolerability compared to standard 5-FU.","oneSentence":"S-1 is an oral combination of tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil that inhibits thymidylate synthase and fluorodeoxyuridylate synthase to block DNA synthesis in cancer cells.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T01:24:44.753Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Gastric cancer"},{"name":"Colorectal cancer"},{"name":"Pancreatic cancer"},{"name":"Biliary tract cancer"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT02465060","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Targeted Therapy Directed by Genetic Testing in Treating Patients With Advanced Refractory Solid Tumors, Lymphomas, or Multiple Myeloma (The MATCH Screening Trial)","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"National Cancer Institute (NCI)","startDate":"2015-08-17","conditions":"Advanced Lymphoma, Advanced Malignant Solid Neoplasm, Bladder Carcinoma","enrollment":6452},{"nctId":"NCT07474324","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Disitamab Vedotin Combined With SOX Regimen Versus SOX Alone as Adjuvant Therapy for HER2-Moderate/High Expressing Stage Ⅲ Gastric Cancer: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Phase Ⅱ Clinical Trial","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University","startDate":"2026-03-15","conditions":"GC/GEJC","enrollment":124},{"nctId":"NCT03297281","phase":"NA","title":"Stop or Ongoing Oral Anticoagulation in Patients Undergoing Pvp (SOAP)","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Clinique Pasteur","startDate":"2017-10-30","conditions":"Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Anticoagulant Adverse Reaction","enrollment":389},{"nctId":"NCT06109779","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Rilvegostomig + Chemotherapy as Adjuvant Therapy for Biliary Tract Cancer After Resection (ARTEMIDE-Biliary01)","status":"ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING","sponsor":"AstraZeneca","startDate":"2023-12-04","conditions":"Biliary Tract Cancer","enrollment":757},{"nctId":"NCT06519591","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Systemic Application of Cadonilimab, LM-302, and S-1 Combined With Intraperitoneal Infusion of Paclitaxel for the Treatment of Claudin 18.2-positive Gastric Cancer With Peritoneal Metastasis","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Ruijin Hospital","startDate":"2025-02-25","conditions":"Gastric Cancer Stage IV, Peritoneal Metastases","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT07374250","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Perioperative Ivonescimab Plus S-1 and Oxaliplatin (SOX) for Locally Advanced Gastric or GEJ Adenocarcinoma","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Sichuan University","startDate":"2026-02-01","conditions":"Gastric Cancer, RCT","enrollment":154},{"nctId":"NCT07366528","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Adjuvant Oxaliplatin Plus S-1 Versus Docetaxel Plus S-1 for Stage III Gastric Cancer","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Ruijin Hospital","startDate":"2025-12-15","conditions":"Gastric Cancer (GC), Adjuvant Chemotherapy, Stage 3 Cancer","enrollment":387},{"nctId":"NCT06510010","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Perioperative Oxaliplatin With S-1 Combined H. 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