{"id":"octopamine","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"octopamine","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A","category":"target"},{"label":"HTR3A","category":"gene"},{"label":"TAAR1","category":"gene"},{"label":"C01CA18","category":"atc"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Adrenergic Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic Agonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Adrenergic alpha-Agonists","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Cardiovascular Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Neurotransmitter Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Vasoconstrictor Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"marketed","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"norden","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["octopamine","DL-Octopamine","norden","norphen","norsympathol","norsympatol","norsynephrine","racemic octopamine","p-Hydroxyphenylethanolamine","p-Octopamine","octopamine hydrochloride","octopamine HCl"],"timeline":[],"aiSummary":"Norden, also known as OCTOPAMINE, is a small molecule octopamine drug targeting the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A. Its mechanism of action and commercial status are not well-documented. As a result, there is limited information available on its approved indications, half-life, bioavailability, generic manufacturers, and off-patent status. Further research is needed to understand the pharmacological properties and clinical applications of Norden. Its development and current ownership are also unclear.","approvals":[],"brandName":"Norden","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A, Trace amine-associated receptor 1, Trace amine-associated receptor 1","targets":[{"gene":"HTR3A","source":"DrugCentral","target":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A","protein":"5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A"},{"gene":"TAAR1","source":"DrugCentral","target":"Trace amine-associated receptor 1","protein":"Trace amine-associated receptor 1"}],"modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"octopamine","explanation":"Imagine your brain has many locks on it, and serotonin is the key that fits into some of those locks. Norden is a special key that fits into one of those locks, called the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A, which helps regulate various bodily functions.","oneSentence":"Norden works by binding to the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A, a subtype of serotonin receptor.","technicalDetail":"Norden acts as an agonist at the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A, a G protein-coupled receptor involved in modulating neurotransmitter release and neuronal excitability."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/3396","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=OCTOPAMINE","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T13:04:47.323461","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"isoprenaline","drugSlug":"isoprenaline","fdaApproval":"1956-03-09","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"norepinephrine","drugSlug":"norepinephrine","fdaApproval":"1950-07-13","patentExpiry":"Mar 8, 2041","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"dopamine","drugSlug":"dopamine","fdaApproval":"1974-02-25","genericCount":9,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"phenylephrine","drugSlug":"phenylephrine","fdaApproval":"1952-01-21","patentExpiry":"Sep 26, 2036","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"dobutamine","drugSlug":"dobutamine","fdaApproval":"1978-07-18","genericCount":10,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"metaraminol","drugSlug":"metaraminol","fdaApproval":"1954-09-29","genericCount":5,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"methoxamine","drugSlug":"methoxamine","fdaApproval":"","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"mephentermine","drugSlug":"mephentermine","fdaApproval":"1951-12-29","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"midodrine","drugSlug":"midodrine","fdaApproval":"1996-09-06","genericCount":14,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"fenoldopam","drugSlug":"fenoldopam","fdaApproval":"1997-09-23","genericCount":4,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"arbutamine","drugSlug":"arbutamine","fdaApproval":"1997-09-12","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"epinephrine","drugSlug":"epinephrine","fdaApproval":"1948-11-19","patentExpiry":"Oct 20, 2036","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"ephedrine","drugSlug":"ephedrine","fdaApproval":"","patentExpiry":"May 16, 2040","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugName":"droxidopa","drugSlug":"droxidopa","fdaApproval":"2014-02-18","genericCount":16,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-class"}],"dataSources":[{"url":"https://drugcentral.org","name":"DrugCentral","fields":["indications","contraindications","safety","target","drugInteractions"],"retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"genericName":"octopamine","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"isoprenaline","brandName":"isoprenaline","genericName":"isoprenaline","approvalYear":"1956","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"norepinephrine","brandName":"norepinephrine","genericName":"norepinephrine","approvalYear":"1950","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"dopamine","brandName":"dopamine","genericName":"dopamine","approvalYear":"1974","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"phenylephrine","brandName":"phenylephrine","genericName":"phenylephrine","approvalYear":"1952","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"dobutamine","brandName":"dobutamine","genericName":"dobutamine","approvalYear":"1978","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"metaraminol","brandName":"metaraminol","genericName":"metaraminol","approvalYear":"1954","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"methoxamine","brandName":"methoxamine","genericName":"methoxamine","approvalYear":"","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"mephentermine","brandName":"mephentermine","genericName":"mephentermine","approvalYear":"1951","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"midodrine","brandName":"midodrine","genericName":"midodrine","approvalYear":"1996","relationship":"same-class"},{"drugId":"fenoldopam","brandName":"fenoldopam","genericName":"fenoldopam","approvalYear":"1997","relationship":"same-class"}],"trialDetails":[],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"administration":{},"crossReferences":{"NUI":"N0000166811","UNII":"14O50WS8JD","CHEBI":"CHEBI:141486","INN_ID":"3653","RXNORM":"1311141","UMLSCUI":"C0028403","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL53929","KEGG_DRUG":"D00178","DRUGBANK_ID":"DB13251","PUBCHEM_CID":"4581","SNOMEDCT_US":"96261002","IUPHAR_LIGAND_ID":"2149","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"770-05-8","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D009655"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":2204,"therapeuticAreas":["Neuroscience"],"atcClassification":{"source":"DrugCentral","atcCode":"C01CA18","allCodes":["C01CA18"]},"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"","modality":"Small 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