{"id":"npl-insulin","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypoglycemia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Weight gain"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Injection site reactions"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Lipodystrophy"}]},"_chembl":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL1201631","moleculeType":"Protein"},"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"NPL (Neutral Protamine Lispro) insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin formulation combining rapid-acting insulin lispro with protamine to extend its duration of action. It mimics endogenous basal insulin secretion by activating insulin receptors on muscle, adipose, and hepatic cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels through increased glucose utilization and reduced hepatic glucose production.","oneSentence":"NPL insulin is a long-acting basal insulin analog that binds to the insulin receptor to regulate blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake and storage in peripheral tissues.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:57:47.478Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Type 1 diabetes mellitus"},{"name":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT00487240","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Comparison of Two Basal Insulin Therapies for Patients With Type 1 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2007-06","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","enrollment":387},{"nctId":"NCT00510952","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Comparison of Two Basal Insulins for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on Anti-Hyperglycemic Medications (IOPE)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2007-08","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","enrollment":471},{"nctId":"NCT00494013","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Comparison of Two Basal Insulins for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (IOOY)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Eli Lilly and Company","startDate":"2007-08","conditions":"Diabetes Mellitus Type 2","enrollment":442},{"nctId":"NCT00810589","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Randomised, Single Centre, Double-Blind, Two-Period Crossover, Glucose Clamp Trial","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Medical University of Graz","startDate":"2008-11","conditions":"Diabetes, Type I","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT00641407","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Bedtime Insulins and Oral Antihyperglycemic Drugs in Type 2 Diabetes","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli","startDate":"2007-01","conditions":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypoglycemia","enrollment":100}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[{"count":2,"reaction":"HYPERTENSION"},{"count":1,"reaction":"APHASIA"},{"count":1,"reaction":"ASTHENIA"},{"count":1,"reaction":"ATRIAL FIBRILLATION"},{"count":1,"reaction":"BACTERIAL INFECTION"},{"count":1,"reaction":"CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDER"},{"count":1,"reaction":"CATARACT"},{"count":1,"reaction":"CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT"},{"count":1,"reaction":"DIABETIC GASTROPARESIS"},{"count":1,"reaction":"DIABETIC NEUROPATHY"}],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"NPL insulin","genericName":"NPL insulin","companyName":"University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli","companyId":"university-of-campania-luigi-vanvitelli","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"NPL insulin is a long-acting basal insulin analog that binds to the insulin receptor to regulate blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake and storage in peripheral tissues. Used for Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes mellitus.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}