{"id":"normal-saline-0-9-infusion-solution-bag","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Hyperchloremic acidosis"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Fluid overload / pulmonary edema"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Hypernatremia"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Phlebitis at infusion site"}]},"_chembl":null,"_sources":{"trials":{"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=Normal Saline 0.9% Infusion Solution Bag","method":"api_direct","source":"ClinicalTrials.gov","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"ctgov","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:29.073438+00:00"},"aiSummary":{"url":"","method":"ai_extraction","source":"AI Strategic Summary","aiModel":"featherless","rawText":"","confidence":0.9,"sourceType":"ai_extraction","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:42.097914+00:00"},"regulatory.ca":{"url":"","method":"api_direct","source":"Health Canada DPD","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"health_canada_dpd","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:35.041853+00:00"},"publicationCount":{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Normal Saline 0.9% Infusion Solution Bag","method":"api_direct","source":"PubMed/NCBI","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"pubmed","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:35.337475+00:00"},"crossReferences.chemblId":{"url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL2134545/","method":"api_direct","source":"ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI)","rawText":"","confidence":1,"sourceType":"chembl","retrievedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:36.102266+00:00"}},"_dailymed":null,"aiSummary":"Normal Saline 0.9% Infusion Solution Bag is a solution used for infusion, typically containing sodium chloride in water. It has been studied in various clinical trials for conditions such as sepsis, community-acquired pneumonia, and stroke, but its exact mechanism is classified as a small molecule modality.","mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is an isotonic crystalloid solution that matches the osmolarity of blood plasma. It is used intravenously to restore intravascular volume, maintain electrolyte homeostasis, and serve as a vehicle for medication delivery. The solution contains 0.9 g/100 mL of sodium chloride, providing 154 mEq/L each of sodium and chloride ions.","oneSentence":"Normal saline provides isotonic fluid replacement to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:57:45.797Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"_validation":{"fieldsValidated":1,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:42.097984+00:00","fieldsConflicting":0,"overallConfidence":0.95},"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Fluid resuscitation and maintenance in dehydration"},{"name":"Perioperative fluid replacement"},{"name":"Vehicle for intravenous medication administration"},{"name":"Treatment of hypovolemia and shock"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT07048314","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"Stem Cells for Erectile Dysfunction Post RALP","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"The Methodist Hospital Research Institute","startDate":"2026-03-10","conditions":"Erectile Dysfunction, Prostate Cancer","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT05324358","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Ketorolac Applied by Continuous IV Infusion for Treatment of Moderately Severe Postoperative Pain Following Bunionectomy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Neumentum, Inc.","startDate":"2022-12-14","conditions":"Pain, Postoperative","enrollment":341},{"nctId":"NCT05002998","phase":"PHASE4","title":"TEPEZZA® (Teprotumumab-trbw) Post-Marketing Requirement Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Amgen","startDate":"2021-09-16","conditions":"Thyroid Eye Disease","enrollment":313},{"nctId":"NCT07139847","phase":"NA","title":"Magnesium Sulfate for Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Lumbar Disc Surgery","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Ondokuz Mayıs University","startDate":"2025-12-30","conditions":"Lumbar Disc Herniation, Emergence Agitation, Magnesium Sulfate","enrollment":70},{"nctId":"NCT02367040","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Copanlisib and Rituximab in Relapsed Indolent B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (iNHL)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bayer","startDate":"2015-08-03","conditions":"Lymphoma,Non-Hodgkin","enrollment":458},{"nctId":"NCT06669403","phase":"PHASE1","title":"OPT101 in Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) With Sepsis","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Op-T LLC","startDate":"2025-12","conditions":"Sepsis, Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)","enrollment":26},{"nctId":"NCT05713630","phase":"PHASE3","title":"The Use of Tranexamic Acid in the Treatment of Symptomatic Subdural Hematoma","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Unity Health Toronto","startDate":"2025-09-30","conditions":"Subdural Hematoma","enrollment":130},{"nctId":"NCT04921189","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Steroid, Thiamine and Ascorbic Acid for Comatose Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Asan Medical Center","startDate":"2021-12-31","conditions":"Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Postcardiac Arrest Syndrome","enrollment":160},{"nctId":"NCT06774274","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Analgesic Efficacy of Intravenous Ketamine as a Continuous Infusion vs PCA in the Management of Acute Postoperative Pain in Major Orthopedic Surgery.","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Universidad de Antioquia","startDate":"2025-03-01","conditions":"Pain, Postoperative, Opioid Use, Major Surgery","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT04512430","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Neo-DIANA: Neoadjuvant Treatment for EGFR Mutated Patients","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Fundación GECP","startDate":"2020-12-02","conditions":"Non Small Cell Lung Cancer, EGFR Gene Mutation","enrollment":4},{"nctId":"NCT06414356","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effect of Outpatient Ketamine Infusion on Chronic Neuropathic Pain and PTSD","status":"RECRUITING","sponsor":"Margaux M. Salas, PhD","startDate":"2024-10-02","conditions":"Neuropathic Pain, PTSD","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT06199349","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Safety Study of GMDTC Injection in Participants With Excessive Cadmium","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Jianersheng (Zhuhai) Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2024-01-08","conditions":"Cadmium Exceeds the Standard","enrollment":30},{"nctId":"NCT03031470","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Pilot Study of Reparixin for Early Allograft Dysfunction Prevention in Liver Transplantation","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Dompé Farmaceutici S.p.A","startDate":"2015-03-10","conditions":"Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Liver Transplant, Early Allograft Dysfunction","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT03355053","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Investigation of Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Massachusetts General Hospital","startDate":"2018-05-29","conditions":"Delirium, Sleep","enrollment":522},{"nctId":"NCT03365414","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study to Systematically Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Albumin Infusions in Severe POTS","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"University of Alberta","startDate":"2022-01","conditions":"Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT03298867","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Treatment of Graves' Orbitopathy (Thyroid Eye Disease) to Reduce Proptosis With Teprotumumab Infusions in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Amgen","startDate":"2017-10-04","conditions":"Thyroid Eye Disease, Graves' Orbitopathy","enrollment":83},{"nctId":"NCT06126354","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Dexamethasone/Pancreatic Clamp P&F","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Columbia University","startDate":"2024-07-01","conditions":"Insulin Resistance, Prediabetic State, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT04478994","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Study With TEPEZZA in Patients With Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis (dcSSc)","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Amgen","startDate":"2021-11-17","conditions":"Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis","enrollment":3},{"nctId":"NCT06236113","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Low Dose Ketamine for Blunt Thoracic Trauma","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"North Memorial Health Care","startDate":"2021-10-01","conditions":"Blunt Injury of Thorax, Multiple Rib Fractures, Involving Three Ribs","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT05908383","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Safety Study of GMDTC Injection in Healthy Participants","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Jianersheng (Zhuhai) Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.","startDate":"2023-01-30","conditions":"Cadmium Exposure","enrollment":76},{"nctId":"NCT04120415","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A HIV Vaccine Trial in Individuals Who Started Antiretrovirals During Primary or Chronic Infection (EHVA T02)","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases","startDate":"2022-06-21","conditions":"HIV-1-infection","enrollment":2},{"nctId":"NCT05382546","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Pharmacokinetic Study of Intravenous NTM-001 in Healthy Chinese Subjects","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Nuance Pharma (shanghai) Co., Ltd","startDate":"2022-05-23","conditions":"Healthy Volunteers","enrollment":16},{"nctId":"NCT04223531","phase":"NA","title":"The Natriuretic Peptide Response to Saline Infusion","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","startDate":"2020-10-26","conditions":"Obesity","enrollment":18},{"nctId":"NCT03166228","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Hemodynamic Changes During Operative Hysteroscopy","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2018-01-05","conditions":"Hypertension","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT02680392","phase":"NA","title":"Functional Outcome and Analgesia in TKA: Radiofrequency vs Continuous Adductor Canal Block","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre","startDate":"2015-09-14","conditions":"Osteoarthritis, Knee","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT04741880","phase":"PHASE2, PHASE3","title":"Evaluation of Intravenous Lidocaine and Time to Regression of the Sensory Block After Spinal Anesthesia (ELSA Trial)","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Brazil","startDate":"2021-06-17","conditions":"Anesthesia, Cancer","enrollment":66},{"nctId":"NCT04001530","phase":"NA","title":"Half-normal Saline in Atrial Flutter Ablation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre","startDate":"2018-01-01","conditions":"Atrial Flutter","enrollment":4},{"nctId":"NCT04705402","phase":"NA","title":"Mannitol Use During Cadaveric Kidney Transplantation","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Rabin Medical Center","startDate":"2022-02","conditions":"Renal Dialysis","enrollment":32},{"nctId":"NCT03246919","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Ideal Time of Oxytocin Infusion During Cesarean Section","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Loyola University","startDate":"2017-09-13","conditions":"Blood Loss, Surgical, Postpartum Hemorrhage, Bleed Pregnancy","enrollment":68},{"nctId":"NCT02972450","phase":"PHASE1, PHASE2","title":"An HIV Vaccine Trial in Individuals Who Started ART During Primary or Chronic Infection","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"ANRS, Emerging Infectious Diseases","startDate":"2019-02-20","conditions":"HIV-1-infection","enrollment":1},{"nctId":"NCT03970213","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Intravenous Tranexamic Acid During Rhytidectomy","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Glasgold Group Plastic Surgery","startDate":"2019-05-30","conditions":"Bleeding, Bruising Face, Swelling Lips & Face","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT03335124","phase":"PHASE4","title":"The Effect of Vitamin C, Thiamine and Hydrocortisone on Clinical Course and Outcome in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","startDate":"2017-09-26","conditions":"Sepsis, Septic Shock, Critical Illness","enrollment":5},{"nctId":"NCT03823781","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Prophylactic Use of Milrinone After Congenital Heart Surgery in Infants","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Shanghai Children's Medical Center","startDate":"2019-02","conditions":"Low Cardiac Output Syndrome, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Infant","enrollment":520},{"nctId":"NCT03707249","phase":"NA","title":"Iron Status and Cardiopulmonary Physiology","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Royal Centre for Defence Medicine","startDate":"2016-01-19","conditions":"Iron-deficiency, Ventricular Function, Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Abnormality","enrollment":18},{"nctId":"NCT03133767","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Saline vs. Lactated Ringers for Emergency Department IV Fluid Resuscitation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Nicholas M Mohr","startDate":"2017-05-23","conditions":"Fluid Loss, Symptom Complex, Triple, Emergencies","enrollment":157},{"nctId":"NCT02823977","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Ketamine vs. Placebo as Adjunctive Therapies for Severe Alcohol Withdrawal","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"University of Colorado, Denver","startDate":"2018-02","conditions":"Alcohol Withdrawal","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT03246282","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Feasibility of Polychromatic Light Emitting Diode System to Reduce Pain","status":"SUSPENDED","sponsor":"John W. Reeves, MD","startDate":"2017-02-08","conditions":"Pain","enrollment":150},{"nctId":"NCT01381549","phase":"PHASE2","title":"GSK2251052 in Complicated Urinary Tract Infection","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"GlaxoSmithKline","startDate":"2011-06-28","conditions":"Infections, Urinary Tract","enrollment":20},{"nctId":"NCT03215862","phase":"NA","title":"Lactated Ringer's Solution to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"University of South Florida","startDate":"2017-08-01","conditions":"Post-ERCP Acute Pancreatitis","enrollment":242},{"nctId":"NCT02681913","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Adenosine as an Adjunct to Blood Cardioplegia","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Amphia Hospital","startDate":"2016-02","conditions":"Pathological Processes, Cardiomyopathies","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT01843790","phase":"PHASE2","title":"A Phase 2a Study of Weekly Doses of GCS-100 in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company","startDate":"2013-06","conditions":"Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT00827216","phase":"PHASE2","title":"The Effect of Intravenous Erythromycin on Gastric Emptying in Non-fasted Patients Before Emergency Total Anesthesia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University Hospital, Geneva","startDate":"2009-01","conditions":"Aspiration of Gastric Contents, Gastric Emptying","enrollment":132},{"nctId":"NCT00822302","phase":"NA","title":"Trial to Evaluate the Ability of a Single Infusion of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) to Modulate Markers of Cerebral Ischaemia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"St George's, University of London","startDate":"2006-02","conditions":"Stroke","enrollment":40},{"nctId":"NCT02392910","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Hospitalization & Mortality in Patients With Iron Deficiency CKD and HF Treated With i.v. Iron.","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hospital Aleman","startDate":"2006-03","conditions":"Iron Deficiency, Heart Failure, Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":40}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"crossReferences":{"chemblId":"CHEMBL2134545"},"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Normal Saline","sodium chloride 0.9% infusion solution bag"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"Normal Saline 0.9% Infusion Solution Bag","genericName":"Normal Saline 0.9% Infusion Solution Bag","companyName":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","companyId":"vanderbilt-university-medical-center","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"regulatoryByCountry":[{"country_code":"CA","regulator":"Health Canada","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":"","brand_name_local":"","application_number":""},{"country_code":"US","regulator":"FDA","status":"approved","approval_date":null,"mah":null,"brand_name_local":null,"application_number":null}],"trialStats":{"total":8,"withResults":1},"validation":{"fieldsValidated":1,"lastValidatedAt":"2026-04-20T05:39:42.097984+00:00","fieldsConflicting":0,"overallConfidence":0.95},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}