{"id":"nordefrin","rwe":[],"tags":[{"label":"nordefrin","category":"class"},{"label":"Small Molecule","category":"modality"},{"label":"Active","category":"status"},{"label":"Cardiovascular Agents","category":"pharmacology"},{"label":"Vasoconstrictor Agents","category":"pharmacology"}],"phase":"unknown","safety":{},"trials":[],"aliases":[],"patents":[],"pricing":[],"allNames":"cobefrin","offLabel":[],"synonyms":["cobefrin","nordefrin","nordefrin hydrochloride","nordefrin HCl"],"timeline":[],"approvals":[],"brandName":"Cobefrin","ecosystem":[],"mechanism":{"target":"Adrenergic receptor alpha-2","modality":"Small Molecule","drugClass":"nordefrin","explanation":"Imagine your body's 'fight or flight' response, where your heart beats faster and your senses become more alert. Cobefrin helps trigger this response by increasing the levels of certain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, that send signals to your brain and body. This can help increase blood pressure and heart rate, among other effects.","oneSentence":"Cobefrin works by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system to increase the levels of certain neurotransmitters.","technicalDetail":"Cobefrin acts as a direct-acting sympathomimetic agent, activating adrenergic receptors to increase the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, leading to increased sympathetic tone and various physiological effects."},"_wikipedia":{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbadrine","title":"Corbadrine","extract":"Corbadrine, sold under the brand name Neo-Cobefrine and also known as levonordefrin and α-methylnorepinephrine, is a catecholamine sympathomimetic used as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor in dentistry in the United States. It is usually used in a pre-mixed solution with local anesthetics, such as mepivacaine.","wiki_society_and_culture":"==Society and culture==\n===Names===\nCorbadrine is the generic name of the drug and its . The drug has been sold under the brand name Neo-Cobefrine."},"commercial":{},"references":[{"id":1,"url":"https://drugcentral.org/drugcard/3203","fields":["approvals","synonyms","ATC","PK","indications","contraindications","DDIs","targets","patents","FAERS"],"source":"DrugCentral"},{"id":2,"url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=nordefrin","fields":["trials"],"source":"ClinicalTrials.gov"},{"id":3,"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=nordefrin","fields":["publications"],"source":"PubMed/NCBI"},{"id":4,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbadrine","fields":["history","overview"],"source":"Wikipedia"}],"_enrichedAt":"2026-03-30T13:00:57.256885","biosimilars":[],"competitors":[{"drugName":"apomorphine","drugSlug":"apomorphine","fdaApproval":"2004-04-20","patentExpiry":"Jun 11, 2030","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"brimonidine","drugSlug":"brimonidine","fdaApproval":"1996-09-06","patentExpiry":"Mar 25, 2031","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"bromocriptine","drugSlug":"bromocriptine","fdaApproval":"1978-06-28","patentExpiry":"Jun 7, 2030","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"buspirone","drugSlug":"buspirone","fdaApproval":"1986-09-29","genericCount":19,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"cisapride","drugSlug":"cisapride","fdaApproval":"1993-07-29","patentStatus":"Unknown","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"clomipramine","drugSlug":"clomipramine","fdaApproval":"1989-12-29","genericCount":19,"patentStatus":"Off-patent — generic available","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"clonidine","drugSlug":"clonidine","fdaApproval":"1974-09-03","patentExpiry":"Sep 8, 2031","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"clozapine","drugSlug":"clozapine","fdaApproval":"1989-09-26","patentExpiry":"May 1, 2028","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"corbadrine","drugSlug":"corbadrine","fdaApproval":"1960-01-06","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugName":"dexmedetomidine","drugSlug":"dexmedetomidine","fdaApproval":"1999-12-17","patentExpiry":"Jun 26, 2039","patentStatus":"Patent protected","relationship":"same-target"}],"dataSources":[{"url":"https://drugcentral.org","name":"DrugCentral","fields":["indications","contraindications","safety","target","drugInteractions"],"retrievedDate":"2026-04-07"}],"genericName":"nordefrin","indications":{"approved":[],"offLabel":[],"pipeline":[]},"drugCategory":"active","labelChanges":[],"relatedDrugs":[{"drugId":"apomorphine","brandName":"apomorphine","genericName":"apomorphine","approvalYear":"2004","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"brimonidine","brandName":"brimonidine","genericName":"brimonidine","approvalYear":"1996","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"bromocriptine","brandName":"bromocriptine","genericName":"bromocriptine","approvalYear":"1978","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"buspirone","brandName":"buspirone","genericName":"buspirone","approvalYear":"1986","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"cisapride","brandName":"cisapride","genericName":"cisapride","approvalYear":"1993","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"clomipramine","brandName":"clomipramine","genericName":"clomipramine","approvalYear":"1989","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"clonidine","brandName":"clonidine","genericName":"clonidine","approvalYear":"1974","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"clozapine","brandName":"clozapine","genericName":"clozapine","approvalYear":"1989","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"corbadrine","brandName":"corbadrine","genericName":"corbadrine","approvalYear":"1960","relationship":"same-target"},{"drugId":"dexmedetomidine","brandName":"dexmedetomidine","genericName":"dexmedetomidine","approvalYear":"1999","relationship":"same-target"}],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT05875519","phase":"NA","title":"Healing Process and Blood Sugar Level Following Local Anesthetic Infiltration With and Without Vasoconstrictor","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Minia University","startDate":"2023-05-20","conditions":["Diabetes","Anesthesia, Local"],"enrollment":40,"completionDate":"2023-11-30"},{"nctId":"NCT06556472","phase":"NA","title":"Safety and Efficacy of Continuous Infusion of Terlipressin With Norepinephrine Versus Norepinephrine Alone in Improving Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Acute on Chronic Liver Failure With Septic Shock","status":"NOT_YET_RECRUITING","sponsor":"Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India","startDate":"2024-08-15","conditions":["Acute on Chronic Liver Failure"],"enrollment":126,"completionDate":"2025-08-31"},{"nctId":"NCT05619796","phase":"NA","title":"Assessment of Clinical & Radiographic Efficiency of Manual & Pediatric Rotary Systems in Primary Root Canal Preparation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Tanta University","startDate":"2022-09-04","conditions":["Manual; Rotation","Obturation","Post Operative Pain"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2023-07-30"},{"nctId":"NCT05782634","phase":"NA","title":"Insertion of Immediate Cortical Satellite Implants With Immediate Loading","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2023-06-01","conditions":["Immediate Loading , Satellite Implant , Immediate Implant"],"enrollment":6,"completionDate":"2024-08-01"},{"nctId":"NCT04477317","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Anesthetic Efficacy of %4Alexadricaine Versus %2 Mepicaine-L in Children","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2021-08-01","conditions":["Local Anesthesia"],"enrollment":10,"completionDate":"2021-10-30"},{"nctId":"NCT05162885","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Effect of Sodium Alendronate on the Final Implant Stability.","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2021-05-01","conditions":["Anterior Labial Wall Defect"],"enrollment":24,"completionDate":"2022-10-01"},{"nctId":"NCT04561921","phase":"NA","title":"Effect of Magnesium Sulphate Added to Mepivacaine Hydrochloride on Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Success in Patients With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis in Mandibular Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2020-10-22","conditions":["Success of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block"],"enrollment":56,"completionDate":"2021-11-01"},{"nctId":"NCT03790540","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Pain Assessment During Mandibular Nerve Block Injection With the Aid of Dental Vibe Tool in Pediatric Dental Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Nourhan M.Aly","startDate":"2018-12-01","conditions":["Anesthesia, Local"],"enrollment":60,"completionDate":"2019-05-15"},{"nctId":"NCT04093713","phase":"NA","title":"A Novel Technique to Anaesthetize the Lower Jaw","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Mosaad Khalifah","startDate":"2019-09-14","conditions":["Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block"],"enrollment":65,"completionDate":"2019-09-16"},{"nctId":"NCT03745105","phase":"NA","title":"Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Prophylactic Intraligamentary Injection of Dexamethasone and Piroxicam on Postoperative Pain in Teeth With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Cairo University","startDate":"2018-12-25","conditions":["Postoperative Pain"],"enrollment":42,"completionDate":"2019-12-01"},{"nctId":"NCT02603198","phase":"NA","title":"2%-Mepivacaine With Two Different Vasoconstrictors Solutions in Third Molar Surgery a Comparative Study","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University of Sao Paulo","startDate":"2014-08","conditions":["Pain","Trismus","Edema"],"enrollment":30,"completionDate":"2016-07"}],"genericFilers":[],"latestUpdates":[],"manufacturing":[],"administration":{},"crossReferences":{"UNII":"R81X549E70","CHEBI":"CHEBI:81386","UMLSCUI":"C0025805","ChEMBL_ID":"CHEMBL677","PUBCHEM_CID":"164739","SNOMEDCT_US":"387230002","SECONDARY_CAS_RN":"61-96-1","MESH_DESCRIPTOR_UI":"D008771"},"formularyStatus":[],"_enricherVersion":"v2","developmentCodes":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"publicationCount":5,"therapeuticAreas":["Neuroscience"],"biosimilarFilings":[],"recentPublications":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"status":"active","companyName":"","companyId":"unknown","modality":"Small Molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Cobefrin, also known as nordefrin, is a small molecule drug in the nordefrin class. It is a sympathomimetic agent that works by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. However, due to the lack of available information, its target, approved indications, and commercial status are unknown. Further research is needed to determine its efficacy and safety profile. As a result, it is not possible to provide a comprehensive summary of Cobefrin at this time.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"partial","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":false,"safety":false,"trials":true,"score":2}}