{"id":"n-acetylcystein","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"5–10","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"2–5","effect":"Vomiting"},{"rate":"2–5","effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":"2–5","effect":"Abdominal discomfort"},{"rate":"1–3","effect":"Rash or urticaria"},{"rate":"1–2","effect":"Fever"}]},"_chembl":null,"_fixedAt":"2026-03-30T18:24:11.796513","_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"NAC is a prodrug that is rapidly deacetylated to cysteine, which serves as a precursor for glutathione synthesis—the body's primary intracellular antioxidant. By restoring glutathione levels and directly scavenging reactive oxygen species, NAC protects cells from oxidative injury and supports detoxification pathways. It also has mucolytic properties that help break down mucus viscosity.","oneSentence":"N-acetylcysteine (NAC) replenishes intracellular glutathione and acts as a free radical scavenger to reduce oxidative stress and cellular damage.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:56:24.772Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with chronic bronchitis"},{"name":"Acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose and toxicity"},{"name":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)"},{"name":"Cystic fibrosis"}]},"_fixedFields":["pubmed(209)"],"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT06187220","phase":"","title":"Plasma Exchange for Amanita Toxin-induced Acute Liver Failure","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Hannover Medical School","startDate":"2024-01-01","conditions":"Acute Liver Failure","enrollment":111},{"nctId":"NCT06297369","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Evaluation of the Effect of N-acetylcysteine in Preventing Cisplatin-Induced Toxicities in Cancer Patients","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Ain Shams University","startDate":"2024-02-01","conditions":"Cisplatin Adverse Reaction, Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity, Cisplatin Induced Peripheral Neuropathy","enrollment":60},{"nctId":"NCT05777733","phase":"PHASE1","title":"NAC Effect on Iron Overload and Blood Transfusion in β-thalassemia Major","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2024-03-23","conditions":"Thalassemia Major","enrollment":100},{"nctId":"NCT01098032","phase":"PHASE3","title":"RenalGuard System and Contrast Media","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Clinica Mediterranea","startDate":"2009-01","conditions":"Chronic Kidney Disease","enrollment":294},{"nctId":"NCT01537926","phase":"PHASE1","title":"Hypertrophic Regression With N-Acetylcysteine in HCM","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston","startDate":"2012-01","conditions":"Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy","enrollment":42},{"nctId":"NCT01439828","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Clinical Trial of N-acetylcysteine Versus Placebo Efficacy in the Cannabis Withdrawal","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris","startDate":"2012-02","conditions":"Cannabis Dependence, Cannabis Abuse","enrollment":6},{"nctId":"NCT04641455","phase":"NA","title":"Use of Mucolytic Solution Before Upper Endoscopy","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Vitkovice Hospital","startDate":"2020-12-01","conditions":"Gastric Cancer, Gastroscopy","enrollment":120},{"nctId":"NCT02511691","phase":"PHASE2","title":"PET/MRI Imaging of Glutamate Release in the Brain","status":"TERMINATED","sponsor":"University of Zurich","startDate":"2015-07","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT00614679","phase":"PHASE1","title":"A Novel Catheter Lock Solution for Treatment of Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheter-Associated Bacteremia","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of California, San Diego","startDate":"2006-10","conditions":"End-Stage Renal Disease, Hemodialysis Catheter-associated Infection","enrollment":18},{"nctId":"NCT03879356","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Supportive Measures in Treatment of Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Assiut University","startDate":"2016-01-01","conditions":"Detection of Different Prognostic Factors and Their Relation With the Outcome, Using New Protocol to Prove the Role of N-acetyl Cysteine and Adequate Supportive Measures in Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning","enrollment":44},{"nctId":"NCT03838822","phase":"EARLY_PHASE1","title":"Kinetics of Metabolic Cofactors in NAFLD","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","startDate":"2018-09-01","conditions":"Healthy","enrollment":10},{"nctId":"NCT03440268","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Prevention of Acute Kidney Injury by N-Acetylcystein in Patients Undergone Cardiac Valve Replacement","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"University of Sao Paulo General Hospital","startDate":"2018-03-15","conditions":"Surgery--Complications, Cardiac Valve Disease, Acute Kidney Injury","enrollment":154},{"nctId":"NCT00205647","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study of Expectorant Activity of Oral N-acetylcystein (NAC) in Patients With Stable Chronic Bronchitis","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Wake Forest University","startDate":"1997-01","conditions":"Chronic Bronchitis","enrollment":240},{"nctId":"NCT02626494","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Neurobiological Adaptations and Pharmacological Interventions in Cocaine Addiction","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich","startDate":"2015-03","conditions":"Cocaine Addiction","enrollment":71},{"nctId":"NCT02967094","phase":"NA","title":"Mucolytic Solution Before Upper Endoscopy","status":"UNKNOWN","sponsor":"Vitkovice Hospital","startDate":"2016-11","conditions":"Gastroscopy; 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Used for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with chronic bronchitis, Acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose and toxicity, Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":1,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}