{"id":"modafinil-m1-m2-m4","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":"34","effect":"Headache"},{"rate":"11","effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":"7","effect":"Nervousness/anxiety"},{"rate":"6","effect":"Insomnia"},{"rate":"5","effect":"Dizziness"},{"rate":"<1","effect":"Rash (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, rare)"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Modafinil is a eugeroic (wakefulness-promoting) agent that works through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of dopamine reuptake, enhancement of noradrenergic signaling, and modulation of orexin/hypocretin neurons. The exact mechanism is not fully elucidated, but it does not act as a traditional stimulant like amphetamines. It selectively enhances alertness and cognitive function while maintaining a lower abuse potential than classical stimulants.","oneSentence":"Modafinil promotes wakefulness by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine activity in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex.","_ai_confidence":"high"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-27T23:55:36.798Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Narcolepsy"},{"name":"Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-associated excessive daytime sleepiness"},{"name":"Shift work sleep disorder"},{"name":"Fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis"},{"name":"Cognitive enhancement in healthy individuals (off-label)"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT00711464","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Modafinil Effects on Cognition in Schizophrenia Patients","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"University of California, Los Angeles","startDate":"2008-05","conditions":"Schizophrenia","enrollment":29}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":["Provigil"],"phase":"marketed","status":"active","brandName":"modafinil (M1, M2, M4)","genericName":"modafinil (M1, M2, M4)","companyName":"University of California, Los Angeles","companyId":"university-of-california-los-angeles","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Modafinil promotes wakefulness by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine activity in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus and prefrontal cortex. Used for Narcolepsy, Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-associated excessive daytime sleepiness, Shift work sleep disorder.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}