{"id":"methylnaltrexone-moa-728","safety":{"commonSideEffects":[{"rate":null,"effect":"Abdominal pain"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Diarrhea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Nausea"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Flatulence"},{"rate":null,"effect":"Dizziness"}]},"_chembl":null,"_dailymed":null,"mechanism":{"_ai_source":"claude-haiku-4.5","explanation":"Methylnaltrexone is a quaternary ammonium derivative of naltrexone that selectively antagonizes mu-opioid receptors on the enteric nervous system. Because it is highly polar and does not cross the blood-brain barrier, it acts peripherally to counteract the constipating effects of opioids on gut motility without reducing analgesia. This mechanism allows patients to maintain pain relief while experiencing restored bowel function.","oneSentence":"Methylnaltrexone is a peripheral mu-opioid receptor antagonist that blocks opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract without crossing the blood-brain barrier, thereby reversing opioid-induced constipation while preserving central analgesia.","_ai_confidence":"medium"},"_scrapedAt":"2026-03-28T00:50:03.494Z","_scrapedBy":"cloudflare-swarm","_wikipedia":null,"indications":{"approved":[{"name":"Opioid-induced constipation in patients with chronic non-cancer pain"},{"name":"Opioid-induced constipation in patients with advanced illness receiving palliative care"}]},"trialDetails":[{"nctId":"NCT00547586","phase":"PHASE2","title":"Study Evaluating Oral MOA-728 For The Treatment Of OIBD In Subjects With Chronic Non-Malignant Pain","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2007-10","conditions":"Constipation","enrollment":122},{"nctId":"NCT00936884","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Methylnaltrexone (MOA-728) for the Treatment of Opioid-Induced-Constipation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2009-07","conditions":"Constipation","enrollment":50},{"nctId":"NCT00858754","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Study Evaluating Safety & Efficacy of Subcutaneous Methylnaltrexone on Opioid-Induced Constipation in Cancer Subjects","status":"WITHDRAWN","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2009-03","conditions":"Opioid-Induced Constipation","enrollment":""},{"nctId":"NCT00529087","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study Evaluating Subcutaneous MOA-728 for the Treatment of Opioid-Induced Constipation (OIC) in Subjects With Chronic Non-Malignant Pain","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2007-08","conditions":"Constipation","enrollment":460},{"nctId":"NCT00387309","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study Evaluating IV Methylnaltrexone for the Treatment of Post Operative Ileus","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2006-12","conditions":"Post Operative Bowel Dysfunction","enrollment":495},{"nctId":"NCT00804141","phase":"PHASE3","title":"Study Evaluating Long-Term Safety of MOA-728 in Participants With Opioid-Induced Constipation","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2008-12-03","conditions":"Constipation","enrollment":1040},{"nctId":"NCT00528970","phase":"PHASE3","title":"A Study Evaluating Intravenous (IV) MOA-728 for the Treatment of Postoperative Ileus (POI) in Participants After Ventral Hernia Repair","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2007-10-17","conditions":"Ileus","enrollment":374},{"nctId":"NCT00672477","phase":"PHASE4","title":"Study Evaluating Subcutaneous Methylnaltrexone For Treatment Of Opioid-Induced Constipation In Patients With Advanced Illness","status":"COMPLETED","sponsor":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","startDate":"2008-06","conditions":"Opioid-Induced Constipation","enrollment":237}],"_emaApprovals":[],"_faersSignals":[],"_approvalHistory":[],"publicationCount":0,"rwe":[],"genericFilers":[],"relatedDrugs":[],"labelChanges":[],"biosimilarFilings":[],"pricing":[],"formularyStatus":[],"manufacturing":[],"companionDiagnostics":[],"competitors":[],"timeline":[],"patents":[],"ownershipHistory":[],"trials":[],"biosimilars":[],"latestUpdates":[],"references":[],"tags":[],"ecosystem":[],"genericManufacturerList":[],"offLabel":[],"developmentCodes":[],"aliases":[],"phase":"phase_3","status":"active","brandName":"Methylnaltrexone (MOA-728)","genericName":"Methylnaltrexone (MOA-728)","companyName":"Bausch Health Americas, Inc.","companyId":"bausch-health-americas-inc","modality":"Small molecule","firstApprovalDate":"","aiSummary":"Methylnaltrexone is a peripheral mu-opioid receptor antagonist that blocks opioid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract without crossing the blood-brain barrier, thereby reversing opioid-induced constipation while preserving central analgesia. Used for Opioid-induced constipation in patients with chronic non-cancer pain, Opioid-induced constipation in patients with advanced illness receiving palliative care.","enrichmentLevel":3,"visitCount":0,"trialStats":{"total":0,"withResults":0},"verificationStatus":"verified","dataCompleteness":{"mechanism":true,"indications":true,"safety":true,"trials":true,"score":4}}